#1
Which of the following is not considered a factor affecting human development?
Climate change
ExplanationClimate change is a global environmental issue, but it is not typically considered a direct factor influencing individual human development.
#2
Which of the following is an example of a socioeconomic factor influencing human development?
Income level
ExplanationIncome level is a key socioeconomic factor that can significantly impact various aspects of human development.
#3
What is the term for the process by which individuals adapt to their environment?
Assimilation
ExplanationAssimilation is the cognitive process through which individuals incorporate new information into their existing knowledge and understanding.
#4
What is the term for the process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes?
Education
ExplanationEducation is the systematic process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and attitudes, often through formal institutions or informal learning experiences.
#5
What is the term for the period of rapid physical and sexual maturation during adolescence?
Puberty
ExplanationPuberty is the developmental stage marked by rapid physical and sexual maturation, typically occurring during adolescence.
#6
What does the HDI measure?
Human development
ExplanationThe Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic that measures a country's average achievements in human development, including factors like life expectancy, education, and income.
#7
Which theory of human development emphasizes the importance of social interactions?
Erikson's psychosocial theory
ExplanationErikson's psychosocial theory highlights the significance of social interactions and relationships in shaping human development across the lifespan.
#8
Which of the following is a primary factor influencing prenatal development?
Prenatal nutrition
ExplanationPrenatal nutrition plays a crucial role in influencing the health and development of the fetus during pregnancy.
#9
Which of the following factors is associated with improved cognitive development in children?
Nutritious diet
ExplanationA nutritious diet is positively linked to enhanced cognitive development in children, supporting overall brain function and growth.
#10
What is the term for the concept that development is influenced by the interaction of genetic and environmental factors?
Nature versus nurture
ExplanationNature versus nurture refers to the ongoing debate about the relative contributions of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) to human development.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a stage of Erikson's psychosocial development theory?
Guilt vs. Inferiority
ExplanationGuilt vs. Inferiority is not a stage in Erikson's psychosocial development; the correct stages include Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt, etc.
#12
What is a critical period in human development?
A specific time during development when a particular event has its greatest consequences
ExplanationA critical period is a specific developmental stage during which a particular event or stimulus has the most significant impact on an individual's development.
#13
Which of the following is a risk factor for delayed motor development in infants?
Low birth weight
ExplanationLow birth weight is a risk factor that can contribute to delayed motor development in infants, affecting their physical milestones.
#14
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be met before self-actualization can be achieved?
Esteem needs
ExplanationAccording to Maslow's hierarchy, esteem needs, including self-esteem and the esteem of others, must be satisfied before an individual can reach the stage of self-actualization.