#1
Which of the following is a trait in the Big Five personality model?
Conscientiousness
ExplanationOne of the five major dimensions of personality, characterized by being organized, responsible, and diligent.
#2
According to the psychodynamic perspective, what is the role of the id in personality?
Pleasure principle
ExplanationPart of the psyche responsible for primal desires and operates on the pleasure principle.
#3
According to the trait theory of personality, what is a stable characteristic pattern of behavior?
Personality trait
ExplanationEnduring patterns of behavior, thoughts, and emotions that distinguish individuals.
#4
Which theorist is associated with the concept of the collective unconscious and archetypes?
Carl Jung
ExplanationIntroduced the concepts of collective unconscious and archetypes in his analytical psychology.
#5
In the context of personality disorders, which cluster includes disorders characterized by odd or eccentric behavior?
Cluster A
ExplanationIncludes paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders characterized by odd or eccentric behavior.
#6
Who proposed the psychoanalytic theory of personality?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationRenowned for his theory emphasizing the role of unconscious conflicts in shaping personality.
#7
What is the main focus of the social-cognitive theory of personality?
Cognitive processes and social interactions
ExplanationEmphasizes the interaction between cognitive processes, behavior, and social context in shaping personality.
#8
Which personality assessment tool uses a projective technique involving the interpretation of ambiguous stimuli?
Thematic Apperception Test (TAT)
ExplanationProjective test involving interpreting ambiguous images to reveal underlying thoughts and feelings.
#9
What does the term 'self-efficacy' refer to in the context of social-cognitive theory?
Belief in one's ability to succeed in specific situations
ExplanationIndividual's belief in their capability to perform tasks and achieve goals.
#10
Which of the following is associated with the concept of self-concept in personality psychology?
Self-esteem
ExplanationIndividual's evaluation of their own worth and competence.
#11
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's own unacceptable thoughts or feelings to another person?
Projection
ExplanationDefense mechanism involving attributing one's own undesirable qualities to others.
#12
In the context of personality assessment, what does the acronym NEO stand for?
Big Five Inventory
ExplanationInstrument used to measure the Big Five personality traits: Neuroticism, Extraversion, Openness, Agreeableness, and Conscientiousness.
#13
Who developed the concept of the hierarchy of needs in the context of motivation and personality?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationProposed a hierarchy of human needs, where fulfillment of basic needs precedes higher-level needs like self-actualization.
#14
What is the key idea behind the Humanistic perspective on personality?
Humans have an innate drive for self-actualization
ExplanationFocuses on individual growth, potential, and self-fulfillment.
#15
Which term is used to describe the consistent, enduring, and unique characteristics of an individual's behavior?
Personality
ExplanationPattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that make each person unique.