Experimental Design and Variables in Psychological Research Quiz

Independent variable is manipulated by the researcher and can influence the dependent variable.

Reliability refers to the consistency and stability of a measure, indicating that it produces the same results under similar conditions.

Cross-sectional studies collect data from participants at a single point in time, offering a snapshot of their characteristics or behaviors.

To minimize bias, both participants and researchers are kept unaware of group assignments in a double-blind experiment.

In this study, age is manipulated to observe its impact on memory performance, making it the independent variable.

Random assignment helps distribute participants evenly across conditions, minimizing pre-existing differences and ensuring a representative sample.

Longitudinal studies observe participants over an extended period, making them suitable for investigating long-term effects.

Counterbalancing helps minimize order effects by varying the order of conditions across participants in repeated measures designs.

Temporal validity is not a recognized type of validity; other types include internal, external, and construct validity.

Temperature, manipulated by the researcher, is the independent variable influencing aggression in the study.

A placebo mimics the treatment's appearance without active ingredients, helping researchers isolate the true effects of the independent variable.

Quasi-experimental designs lack random assignment; the nonequivalent control group design is an example.

Factorial designs allow researchers to study interactions between multiple independent variables, offering a more comprehensive understanding.