#1
Which of the following is a major greenhouse gas responsible for global warming?
Carbon dioxide (CO2)
ExplanationPrimary greenhouse gas driving global warming.
#2
What is the term for the process by which plants use sunlight to synthesize food from carbon dioxide and water?
Photosynthesis
ExplanationPlant process for food production using sunlight, CO2, and water.
#3
Which of the following is a consequence of habitat destruction?
Loss of species diversity
ExplanationHabitat destruction leads to the disappearance of various species.
#4
Which of the following pollutants is known for causing acid rain?
Sulfur dioxide (SO2)
ExplanationSulfur dioxide emissions combine with water vapor to form acid rain.
#5
Which of the following is a consequence of eutrophication in aquatic ecosystems?
Fish kills
ExplanationExcessive nutrients lead to algal blooms, depleting oxygen and causing fish deaths.
#6
What is the primary cause of deforestation worldwide?
Agricultural activities
ExplanationAgricultural expansion is the main driver of deforestation.
#7
Which of the following is not a renewable energy source?
Natural gas
ExplanationNon-renewable fossil fuel.
#8
What is the term for the variety of life on Earth and the natural patterns it forms?
Biodiversity
ExplanationRefers to the richness and complexity of life forms on Earth.
#9
Which of the following is a non-point source of water pollution?
Agricultural runoff
ExplanationPollution originating from diffuse sources such as farms.
#10
What is the term for the gradual increase in the Earth's average temperature due to human activities?
Global warming
ExplanationHuman-induced rise in Earth's average temperature.
#11
Which of the following is not a major cause of air pollution?
Volcanic eruptions
ExplanationNatural phenomena, not a significant source of pollution.
#12
What is the term for the process of converting waste materials into reusable materials?
Recycling
ExplanationConversion of waste into reusable materials.
#13
Which of the following is a consequence of ocean acidification?
Decline in fish population
ExplanationAcidification harms marine life, leading to fish population decline.
#14
What is the main function of wetlands in the ecosystem?
All of the above
ExplanationWetlands provide various ecosystem services like water purification, flood control, and habitat for diverse species.
#15
Which of the following is an example of an invasive species?
Zebra mussels in the Great Lakes
ExplanationSpecies introduced into a new environment, causing harm to native species.
#16
Which of the following is not a characteristic of an indicator species?
Large population size
ExplanationIndicator species are characterized by sensitivity to environmental changes, not population size.
#17
Which of the following is an example of a keystone species?
Sea otters in a kelp forest
ExplanationSpecies crucial for maintaining ecosystem structure and function.