#1
Which of the following is a common causative agent of empyema?
Streptococcus pneumoniae
ExplanationCommon bacterial cause of empyema.
#2
What is the most common symptom of empyema?
Chest pain
ExplanationPredominant symptom of empyema.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a common route of infection for empyema?
Inhalation of contaminated air
ExplanationUncommon route of empyema infection.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in infants?
Bradycardia
ExplanationUncommon symptom of RSV infection in infants.
#5
Which of the following is a risk factor for developing nosocomial pneumonia?
Hospitalization
ExplanationSignificant risk factor for nosocomial pneumonia development.
#6
Which of the following is a common complication of untreated streptococcal pneumonia?
Rheumatic fever
ExplanationFrequent complication resulting from untreated streptococcal pneumonia.
#7
Which of the following is a common symptom of pertussis (whooping cough)?
Post-tussive vomiting
ExplanationCharacteristic symptom of pertussis.
#8
Which imaging technique is often used to diagnose empyema?
Computed tomography (CT) scan
ExplanationFrequently utilized for diagnosing empyema.
#9
What is the recommended initial treatment for empyema?
Antibiotic therapy
ExplanationPrimary therapeutic approach for empyema.
#10
What is the hallmark finding on pleural fluid analysis in empyema?
Low glucose
ExplanationCharacteristic result in pleural fluid analysis for empyema.
#11
Which of the following is a common pathogen causing community-acquired pneumonia?
Mycoplasma pneumoniae
ExplanationFrequent cause of community-acquired pneumonia.
#12
What is the most common causative agent of hospital-acquired pneumonia?
Pseudomonas aeruginosa
ExplanationPrimary pathogen responsible for hospital-acquired pneumonia.
#13
Which of the following is NOT a feature of Legionnaires' disease?
Bradycardia
ExplanationCharacteristic absent in Legionnaires' disease.
#14
What is the primary mode of transmission of tuberculosis?
Airborne droplets
ExplanationMain route of tuberculosis transmission.
#15
Which of the following is a complication of empyema?
Pneumothorax
ExplanationCommon complication associated with empyema.
#16
What is the gold standard diagnostic test for tuberculosis?
Mycobacterial culture
ExplanationPreferred diagnostic method for tuberculosis.
#17
Which of the following is a common complication of severe influenza infection?
Encephalitis
ExplanationFrequently observed complication in severe cases of influenza.
#18
What is the first-line treatment for severe cases of Legionnaires' disease?
Azithromycin
ExplanationPrimary medication for treating severe Legionnaires' disease.
#19
What is the mechanism of action of isoniazid, a first-line drug for tuberculosis?
Inhibition of cell wall synthesis
ExplanationPrimary action of isoniazid in treating tuberculosis.
#20
Which of the following is NOT a common route of transmission for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
Fecal-oral route
ExplanationUncommon mode of RSV transmission.