#1
Which of the following is a characteristic of employment discrimination?
It involves treating someone unfavorably because of their protected characteristic.
ExplanationTreating someone unfavorably based on protected traits.
#2
What does the term 'protected characteristic' refer to in the context of employment discrimination?
Personal traits that are safeguarded by anti-discrimination laws.
ExplanationTraits protected by anti-discrimination laws.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a protected characteristic under most anti-discrimination laws?
Marital status
ExplanationNot typically protected against discrimination.
#4
What is the purpose of affirmative action programs in the context of employment?
To promote equality and diversity by favoring individuals from minority groups.
ExplanationPromoting diversity by favoring minority groups.
#5
What does the term 'hostile work environment' refer to in the context of employment discrimination?
An environment where harassment or discrimination makes it difficult for an individual to work.
ExplanationWork environment with harassment or discrimination.
#6
Which federal law in the United States prohibits discrimination in employment based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin?
Civil Rights Act of 1964
ExplanationProhibits discrimination based on specified factors.
#7
What is the concept of 'reasonable accommodation' regarding employment discrimination?
Making slight adjustments to the work environment or job duties to accommodate individuals with disabilities.
ExplanationAdjustments to support individuals with disabilities.
#8
Which term refers to treating an employee less favorably because they have made a complaint about discrimination?
Retaliation
ExplanationTreating employees unfavorably for making complaints.
#9
What is the primary responsibility of the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) in the United States?
To investigate and prosecute cases of employment discrimination.
ExplanationInvestigating and prosecuting employment discrimination cases.
#10
What is the purpose of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) in the United States?
To prohibit discrimination against individuals who are 40 years of age or older.
ExplanationProhibiting discrimination against older individuals.
#11
In employment discrimination cases, what is the 'burden of proof'?
The responsibility of the plaintiff to prove that discrimination occurred.
ExplanationPlaintiff's responsibility to prove discrimination.
#12
In employment discrimination cases, what is 'disparate impact'?
A policy or practice that appears neutral but disproportionately affects a certain group.
ExplanationNeutral policies disproportionately affecting groups.
#13
What is the significance of the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act of 2009 in the United States?
It extended the statute of limitations for filing pay discrimination claims.
ExplanationExtending statute of limitations for pay discrimination claims.
#14
What is the term for a policy or practice that intentionally seeks to favor individuals from historically disadvantaged groups?
Affirmative action
ExplanationFavoring historically disadvantaged groups.
#15
Which term refers to the act of unfairly favoring one individual or group over others in the hiring process?
Nepotism
ExplanationUnfairly favoring individuals or groups in hiring.