#1
What is the first step in the ABCDE approach to patient assessment in EMS?
Airway
ExplanationInitial focus on ensuring a clear airway for the patient.
#2
Which of the following is a common sign of respiratory distress?
Tachypnea
ExplanationRapid and shallow breathing indicative of respiratory distress.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a primary assessment component in EMS?
Disability
ExplanationPrimary components: Airway, Breathing, Circulation, Disability, Exposure.
#4
What is the purpose of the Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) in EMS?
To evaluate neurological status
ExplanationAssessment tool for determining level of consciousness and neurological function.
#5
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of a heart attack?
Persistent cough
ExplanationCommon symptoms include chest pain, shortness of breath, and radiating pain.
#6
What is the recommended position for a conscious choking adult who is unable to speak, cough, or breathe?
Bending forward at the waist
ExplanationPosition to assist in relieving a choking adult.
#7
Which of the following is a common indication for using a cervical collar in EMS?
Suspected spinal injury
ExplanationDevice to immobilize the neck and protect against spinal injury.
#8
What is the recommended depth of chest compressions in pediatric CPR?
1 inch
ExplanationDepth guideline for effective chest compressions in pediatric CPR.
#9
What is the primary goal of EMS during a mass casualty incident (MCI)?
To quickly assess and prioritize patient care
ExplanationEfficient response to manage and prioritize care in a mass casualty event.
#10
What is the recommended ratio of compressions to ventilations in infant CPR?
30:2
ExplanationGuideline for chest compressions and ventilations in infant CPR.
#11
What does the acronym SAMPLE stand for in EMS patient assessment?
Symptoms, Allergies, Medications, Past medical history, Last oral intake, Events leading up to the injury/illness
ExplanationStructured approach to obtaining patient history.
#12
What is the correct compression-to-ventilation ratio for adult CPR?
30:2
ExplanationRecommended ratio for chest compressions and ventilations in adult CPR.
#13
Which of the following is a common indication for administering naloxone in EMS?
Opioid overdose
ExplanationReversal of opioid-induced respiratory depression.
#14
In the context of EMS, what does the acronym PPE stand for?
Personal Protective Equipment
ExplanationEquipment worn to protect against hazards during patient care.
#15
Which of the following is a common sign of anaphylaxis?
Flushed skin
ExplanationSkin reaction characterized by redness, warmth, and itching.
#16
What does the acronym AVPU stand for in EMS patient assessment?
Alert, Verbal, Pain, Unconscious
ExplanationScale for assessing a patient's level of consciousness.
#17
Which of the following is a common side effect of epinephrine administration in EMS?
Tachycardia
ExplanationIncreased heart rate as a physiological response to epinephrine.
#18
What does the mnemonic OPQRST stand for in EMS patient assessment?
Onset, Provocation, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time
ExplanationStructured approach to assessing pain and symptoms.
#19
Which of the following is a common indication for using a traction splint in EMS?
Suspected hip fracture
ExplanationDevice to stabilize and immobilize a suspected hip fracture.
#20
What does the mnemonic DCAP-BTLS stand for in trauma assessment?
Deformity, Contusion, Abrasion, Puncture, Burn, Tenderness, Laceration, Swelling
ExplanationStructured approach to trauma assessment covering various injury types.
#21
Which of the following is the preferred method for controlling severe bleeding?
Applying direct pressure
ExplanationImmediate action to stem blood flow and control bleeding.
#22
What is the recommended depth of chest compressions in adult CPR?
2 inches
ExplanationDepth guideline for effective chest compressions in adult CPR.
#23
Which of the following is a common indication for administering aspirin in EMS?
Stroke
ExplanationUsed to prevent further clot formation in ischemic stroke.
#24
Which of the following is a common sign of a tension pneumothorax?
Hypotension
ExplanationLow blood pressure resulting from pressure on the heart in tension pneumothorax.