Earth's Geological Composition Quiz

Test your knowledge of Earth's geological composition with these mineralogy quiz questions. Explore the crust, mantle, rocks, minerals, and geological processes.

#1

Which of the following is the most abundant element in Earth's crust?

Iron
Aluminum
Oxygen
Silicon
#2

Which type of rock forms from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava?

Igneous
Metamorphic
Sedimentary
Volcanic
#3

Which type of rock is formed by the alteration of existing rock through heat, pressure, or chemical processes?

Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic
Volcanic
#4

Which geological era is known as the 'Age of Dinosaurs'?

Paleozoic
Mesozoic
Cenozoic
Precambrian
#5

Which mineral is the primary component of limestone?

Quartz
Feldspar
Calcite
Mica
#6

What is the name of the boundary between two tectonic plates that are moving apart?

Convergent boundary
Transform boundary
Divergent boundary
Subduction boundary
#7

Which layer of the Earth is primarily composed of solid iron and nickel?

Crust
Mantle
Outer core
Inner core
#8

What is the most abundant mineral group in the Earth's mantle?

Feldspars
Quartz
Pyroxenes
Micas
#9

What is the approximate age of the Earth, according to scientific estimates?

4.6 billion years
3.5 billion years
2.2 billion years
5.8 billion years
#10

Which of the following minerals is essential for plant growth and is a primary component of many fertilizers?

Calcite
Quartz
Potassium Feldspar
Halite
#11

What is the name of the process by which one tectonic plate moves beneath another due to differences in density?

Subduction
Accretion
Rifting
Seafloor spreading
#12

What is the name of the process by which rocks are broken down into smaller fragments through mechanical or chemical means?

Erosion
Deposition
Weathering
Sedimentation
#13

What is the name of the supercontinent that existed during the Paleozoic and Mesozoic eras?

Laurasia
Gondwana
Pangaea
Rodinia

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