#1
Which of the following is NOT a mode of disease transmission?
Digestive transmission
ExplanationTransmission of disease through digestion is not a recognized mode.
#2
What is the term for the time between exposure to a disease and the onset of symptoms?
Incubation period
ExplanationIncubation period denotes the time from exposure to manifestation of symptoms.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of COVID-19?
Sneezing
ExplanationSneezing is not typically associated with COVID-19.
#4
What is the term for the spread of a disease across a large region, country, continent, or worldwide?
Pandemic
ExplanationPandemic refers to widespread disease occurrence across large areas.
#5
Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes?
Dengue fever
ExplanationDengue fever is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes.
#6
What is the term for a disease that occurs at a relatively stable frequency within a specific geographic area or population group?
Endemic
ExplanationEndemic diseases persist at stable levels within specific regions or groups.
#7
Which of the following diseases is primarily spread through contaminated water and food?
Cholera
ExplanationCholera is mainly transmitted via contaminated food and water.
#8
What is R0 in epidemiology?
Basic reproduction number
ExplanationR0 represents the basic reproduction number in epidemiology.
#9
What is herd immunity?
When a large proportion of the population is immune to a disease
ExplanationHerd immunity is achieved when a significant portion of the population is immune.
#10
Which of the following is an example of a zoonotic disease?
All of the above
ExplanationZoonotic diseases are those transmitted from animals to humans.
#11
What is the primary mode of transmission for the Zika virus?
Vector-borne transmission (mosquitoes)
ExplanationZika virus primarily spreads through mosquitoes.
#12
What is the term for the transmission of a disease from mother to offspring during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding?
Vertical transmission
ExplanationVertical transmission occurs from mother to offspring during childbirth.
#13
Which of the following factors can influence the spread of infectious diseases?
All of the above
ExplanationVarious factors including environment, behavior, and pathogens can impact spread.
#14
What is the role of an epidemiologist?
To study the spread of diseases in populations
ExplanationEpidemiologists investigate disease patterns and spread in populations.
#15
What is the term for the ability of a microorganism to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microorganism?
Antibiotic resistance
ExplanationAntibiotic resistance is the capacity of microorganisms to withstand medication effects.