Developmental Psychology Theory and Child Development Quiz

Erik Erikson is known for his psychosocial development theory, which explores the stages of personality development across the lifespan.

Concrete operational stage is when children acquire the ability to think logically about concrete events and objects.

Lawrence Kohlberg introduced the theory of moral development, detailing stages of moral reasoning individuals go through.

Observational learning is the process where a child learns by imitating behaviors observed in others.

Object permanence is the cognitive ability to understand that objects continue to exist even when out of sight, a concept in Piaget's theory.

Erikson's theory identifies the primary developmental task of adolescence as resolving the conflict between identity and role confusion.

Empathy is the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person, a crucial aspect of social and emotional development.

Lev Vygotsky proposed the concept of the 'zone of proximal development,' highlighting the difference between what a learner can do independently and with guidance.

Conservation is the cognitive ability to understand that quantity remains constant despite changes in appearance, a concept in Piaget's theory.

The primary developmental task of early childhood (ages 3-5) in Erikson's theory is resolving the conflict between autonomy and shame and doubt.

Secure attachment involves a child feeling secure to explore with the caregiver present and seeking comfort when needed.

Generativity vs. Stagnation is not a stage in Erikson's theory; it focuses on adults' concerns about contributing to society.

Bronfenbrenner's theory emphasizes the interaction between individual traits and environmental factors in shaping development.

Behaviorism is criticized for oversimplifying complex human behavior by focusing solely on observable actions and external stimuli.

Scaffolding, in Vygotsky's theory, involves providing support that is gradually reduced as the learner gains competence.

Attachment theory posits that the primary function of the attachment bond is to provide a secure base for a child's exploration of the world.

The nature vs. nurture debate in developmental psychology contrasts genetic influences (nature) with environmental influences (nurture).

Centration is a cognitive bias where individuals focus on one aspect of a situation, neglecting other important aspects, according to Piaget's theory.

Echolalia is not one of Piaget's stages of language development; it refers to the repetition of words or phrases.

Accommodation, in Piaget's theory, is the process where children modify existing mental structures to incorporate new information.

Postconventional morality is the highest stage in Kohlberg's theory of moral development, characterized by adherence to individual principles of justice and ethics.

ZPD is the gap between independent learning and what a learner can achieve with guidance, a concept by Lev Vygotsky.

Piaget's theory distinguishes assimilation (fitting new info into existing mental structures) from accommodation (altering structures to incorporate new info).

Self-efficacy, proposed by Bandura, is the belief in one's ability to control motivation, behavior, and the social environment.

Operant conditioning is not a component of Bandura's social cognitive theory, which focuses on observational learning and self-efficacy.