#1
Which theorist is known for the stages of psychosocial development?
Jean Piaget
Erik Erikson
Albert Bandura
John Bowlby
#2
According to Erik Erikson, what is the psychosocial crisis associated with adolescence?
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Industry vs. Inferiority
Identity vs. Role Confusion
Generativity vs. Stagnation
#3
What is the term for the emotional and psychological closeness that individuals develop over time?
Proximity
Cohesion
Intimacy
Isolation
#4
According to Erik Erikson, what is the central conflict in the stage of young adulthood?
Integrity vs. Despair
Autonomy vs. Shame
Generativity vs. Stagnation
Intimacy vs. Isolation
#5
Which psychologist is known for the concept of the 'eight psychosocial stages of development'?
Sigmund Freud
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Abraham Maslow
#6
What is the term for a child's ability to understand that changing the form or appearance of an object does not change its quantity?
Egocentrism
Conservation
Object permanence
Attachment
#7
According to Vygotsky, what is the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
The range of tasks a child can perform independently
The tasks a child cannot perform even with help
The area between a child's current abilities and potential development with assistance
The maximum potential of a child's cognitive abilities
#8
Which cognitive ability is typically associated with Piaget's formal operational stage of development?
Object permanence
Concrete operational thinking
Abstract thinking
Conservation
#9
What is the primary focus of the attachment theory proposed by John Bowlby?
Cognitive development
Social learning
Emotional bonds between children and caregivers
Moral development
#10
Which psychologist is associated with the concept of the 'strange situation' and the identification of different attachment styles?
John Bowlby
Mary Ainsworth
Harry Harlow
B.F. Skinner
#11
According to the social cognitive theory, what is self-efficacy?
The belief in one's ability to exert control over one's own motivation, behavior, and social environment
The belief in the influence of external factors on behavior
The degree of emotional attachment to a caregiver
The ability to empathize with others
#12
Which concept refers to a child's ability to attribute mental states (beliefs, intentions) to oneself and others?
Theory of Mind
Sociocultural Theory
Cognitive Dissonance
Self-efficacy
#13
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Social referencing
Secure attachment
Cognitive dissonance
Object permanence
#14
In the context of social cognitive development, what is the term for learning by observing others and modeling their behavior?
Operant conditioning
Classical conditioning
Observational learning
Reinforcement
#15
What is the main idea behind Lawrence Kohlberg's theory of moral development?
Moral reasoning is innate and biologically determined
Moral development is solely influenced by external rewards and punishments
Moral reasoning progresses through stages, with each stage building on the previous one
Moral development is primarily shaped by societal norms
#16
Which developmental psychologist is known for his work on the stages of moral development in children?
Erik Erikson
Jean Piaget
Lawrence Kohlberg
Urie Bronfenbrenner
#17
What is the term for the ability to understand and share the feelings of another person?
Empathy
Sympathy
Altruism
Compassion