Critiques and Perspectives on Moral Development Quiz

Lawrence Kohlberg is the prominent theorist associated with the stages of moral development.

Utilitarianism emphasizes maximizing overall happiness and pleasure as the ultimate goal in ethical theory.

'Moral reasoning' refers to the process of making moral decisions in the context of moral development.

Preconventional Level - Stage 2 of Kohlberg's moral development is characterized by a focus on avoiding punishment and seeking rewards.

According to Gilligan's critique, Kohlberg's theory overlooked gender differences in stages of moral development.

According to Kohlberg, the focus of moral development in the 'Postconventional Level' is individual principles and conscience.

Albert Bandura proposed the 'Social Learning Theory,' emphasizing the role of modeling and reinforcement in moral development.

Lev Vygotsky is known for the 'Zone of Proximal Development' theory, relevant to moral development.

The stage 'Industry vs. Inferiority' in Erikson's theory is closely related to moral development.

Jean Piaget proposed the 'Four Stages of Cognitive Development,' influencing our understanding of moral development.

The central idea of the 'Heinz Dilemma' is the justification for breaking the law to save a life, frequently used in moral development studies.

Erik Erikson emphasized the importance of 'identity formation' in relation to moral development in adolescence.

In the 'Preconventional Level,' the focus of moral development, according to Kohlberg, is the avoidance of punishment.

'Moral discomfort' is the term for a feeling of guilt or shame arising when an individual violates their own moral code in moral development.

Carol Gilligan is known for the theory of 'Ethics of Care' and emphasizes the importance of relationships in moral development.

Conventional Level - Stage 3 in Kohlberg's theory involves a person recognizing and following societal rules and norms.

A common criticism of Kohlberg's stages is cultural bias, particularly a Western cultural orientation.

Virtue ethics focuses on individual character and virtues in the context of moral development.

A main criticism of Kohlberg's theory is gender bias in the stages of moral development.

In the 'Social Contract' stage, moral decisions are based on cultural norms and laws in Kohlberg's theory.

In virtue ethics, a stable and enduring disposition leading individuals to act morally is termed 'Moral virtue.'

A common criticism of virtue ethics is the lack of clear guidelines for action.

John Rawls developed the 'Theory of Justice' and its application to moral development.

The primary psychosocial crisis in the stage of 'Identity vs. Role Confusion' according to Erik Erikson is 'Identity vs. Role Confusion.'

The central idea behind the 'Cognitive-Developmental Approach' to moral education by Lawrence Kohlberg is the encouragement of empathy and perspective-taking.