#1
Which of the following is an essential part of the criminal justice system?
Police
ExplanationLaw enforcement agency responsible for maintaining public order and safety.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a type of punishment in the criminal justice system?
Exoneration
ExplanationLegal exoneration refers to the clearing of a person's name from accusations.
#3
What is the purpose of a defense attorney in the criminal justice system?
To provide legal counsel and representation for the accused
ExplanationLegal professional who advocates for the defendant's interests and rights.
#4
Who has the authority to issue search warrants in the criminal justice system?
Judges
ExplanationJudicial officers authorized to issue warrants based on probable cause.
#5
What is the purpose of probation in the criminal justice system?
To provide rehabilitation for offenders
ExplanationAlternative to incarceration allowing offenders to remain in the community under supervision.
#6
What is the role of a prosecutor in the criminal justice system?
To bring charges against the accused
ExplanationLegal representative responsible for presenting the case against the defendant.
#7
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial?
Sixth Amendment
ExplanationEnsures the right to a speedy and public trial by an impartial jury.
#8
What is the purpose of a grand jury in the criminal justice system?
To hear evidence and decide if there's enough to proceed to trial
ExplanationDetermines whether there is enough evidence for a trial to proceed.
#9
In the context of criminal trials, what is 'voir dire'?
The process of selecting a jury
ExplanationProcess of questioning potential jurors to ensure impartiality and fairness.
#10
What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony?
Felonies carry heavier penalties than misdemeanors
ExplanationFelonies are serious crimes typically punishable by imprisonment for over a year, while misdemeanors are less severe offenses.
#11
What is the primary purpose of bail in the criminal justice system?
To ensure the accused appears in court
ExplanationMonetary deposit or pledge to ensure the defendant's appearance at trial.
#12
What is the 'burden of proof' in a criminal trial?
The responsibility of the prosecution to prove guilt
ExplanationLegal obligation to provide sufficient evidence to convince the jury or judge of a defendant's guilt.
#13
What is the 'presumption of innocence' in criminal law?
The assumption that the accused is innocent until proven guilty
ExplanationLegal principle that assumes a defendant is innocent until proven guilty beyond a reasonable doubt.
#14
What is 'double jeopardy' in the context of criminal law?
Being tried twice for the same crime after being acquitted
ExplanationLegal protection against being prosecuted twice for the same offense after an acquittal or conviction.
#15
What is 'probable cause' in the context of criminal law?
Reasonable grounds to believe a crime has been committed
ExplanationLegal standard indicating a reasonable basis to believe that a crime has been or is being committed.