#1
What is the primary goal of the criminal justice system?
Punishment
Rehabilitation
Retribution
Deterrence
#2
What is the 'three strikes' law in the context of criminal sentencing?
A law limiting the number of criminal charges one can face
A law allowing individuals three chances to reform before incarceration
A law imposing mandatory life imprisonment for a third serious criminal offense
A law requiring three witnesses in a criminal trial
#3
What is the purpose of a pre-sentence investigation in the criminal justice system?
To determine the guilt or innocence of the accused
To assess the mental state of the defendant
To gather information for sentencing decisions
To conduct background checks on jurors
#4
What is the role of a public defender in the criminal justice system?
To prosecute criminal cases
To provide legal representation to defendants who cannot afford private attorneys
To serve as judges in criminal trials
To conduct pre-sentence investigations
#5
What is the concept of 'plea bargaining' in the criminal justice system?
Negotiating the terms of imprisonment with the victim
Exchanging favors between the defense and prosecution
Reaching an agreement between the defendant and the prosecution, often involving a reduced sentence
Bargaining for the appointment of a specific judge in the case
#6
Which amendment of the U.S. Constitution protects individuals from cruel and unusual punishment?
First Amendment
Fourth Amendment
Eighth Amendment
Tenth Amendment
#7
What is the concept of 'beyond a reasonable doubt' in criminal trials?
The lowest standard of proof
A standard used only in civil cases
The highest standard of proof
A subjective measure of evidence
#8
What is the purpose of a grand jury in the criminal justice system?
To determine guilt or innocence
To conduct investigations
To file criminal charges
To provide legal representation
#9
What is 'mens rea' in criminal law?
The act or conduct that is a criminal offense
The physical act of committing a crime
The mental state or intent to commit a crime
The punishment assigned to a crime
#10
What is the difference between a misdemeanor and a felony?
The severity of the crime
The location where the crime occurred
The involvement of a jury trial
The duration of imprisonment
#11
What is 'probable cause' in the context of criminal law?
The standard of proof required for a conviction
The legal basis for a search or arrest, based on reasonable belief
The presumption of innocence
The requirement for a grand jury indictment
#12
What is the purpose of parole in the criminal justice system?
To determine guilt or innocence
To provide legal representation
To release prisoners before their sentence is complete
To conduct investigations
#13
What is the difference between probation and parole?
They are synonymous terms
Probation is pre-trial supervision, parole is post-conviction supervision
Probation is post-conviction supervision, parole is pre-trial supervision
There is no difference
#14
What is the concept of 'restorative justice'?
Emphasizing punishment and retribution
Focusing on rehabilitating the offender and repairing harm done to victims
The use of technology in criminal investigations
A legal doctrine in criminal trials
#15
What is the significance of the case 'Miranda v. Arizona' in criminal justice?
Established the right to a speedy trial
Established the right to remain silent and have an attorney present during police questioning
Defined the exclusionary rule
Dealt with double jeopardy issues
#16
What is the purpose of the 'death penalty' in the criminal justice system?
Rehabilitation of the offender
Deterrence of future crimes
Restoration of justice to victims
Punishment for heinous crimes
#17
What is the concept of 'double jeopardy' in criminal law?
Being charged with the same crime twice
Serving two consecutive sentences
Having two different charges for the same incident
Being charged with a crime without evidence