#1
What is the principle of 'innocent until proven guilty' based on?
Presumption of innocence
ExplanationLegal presumption that a person is considered innocent until proven guilty in a court of law.
#2
What is the function of a defense attorney in a criminal trial?
To represent and defend the accused
ExplanationLegal professional defending the accused and ensuring their rights are upheld in court.
#3
What does 'double jeopardy' protect against?
Being charged with the same crime twice
ExplanationLegal protection against being tried for the same offense more than once.
#4
What is the role of a probation officer in the criminal justice system?
To supervise individuals released from prison
ExplanationProfessional overseeing and assisting individuals released on probation to ensure compliance with court-ordered conditions.
#5
Which amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial?
Sixth Amendment
ExplanationConstitutional amendment ensuring the right to a fair and speedy trial, impartial jury, and legal representation.
#6
What does 'habeas corpus' refer to in legal terms?
Right to challenge unlawful detention
ExplanationLegal right to challenge the lawfulness of one's detention or imprisonment.
#7
What is the main function of a grand jury?
To decide whether there is enough evidence to proceed to trial
ExplanationBody that determines if there's sufficient evidence for a trial to proceed.
#8
What is the 'Miranda warning' in the United States?
A warning given to suspects before questioning to inform them of their rights
ExplanationAdvisory given to suspects before interrogation to ensure awareness of their legal rights.
#9
What does 'mens rea' refer to in criminal law?
Criminal intent
ExplanationLatin term for the mental state or intent to commit a crime.