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Criminal Justice and Legal Concepts Quiz

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#1

Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?

Eighth Amendment
Explanation

Prohibits cruel and unusual punishment.

#2

What is the legal principle that states an accused person is innocent until proven guilty?

Presumption of innocence
Explanation

Accused is innocent until proven guilty.

#3

Who appoints federal judges in the United States?

The President
Explanation

Authority to appoint federal judges.

#4

What is the legal term for a serious crime typically punishable by imprisonment or death?

Felony
Explanation

Serious crime with severe punishment.

#5

What is the legal term for the formal accusation of a serious crime?

Indictment
Explanation

Formal accusation of a serious crime.

#6

Who is the primary official responsible for prosecuting criminal cases in a court of law?

Prosecutor
Explanation

Official responsible for prosecuting criminal cases.

#7

Which court is the highest appellate court in the United States?

Supreme Court
Explanation

Highest appellate court in the U.S.

#8

What does 'habeas corpus' mean in legal terms?

Produce the body
Explanation

Requires a person be brought before a court.

#9

What is the Latin term for 'guilty act' in legal contexts?

Actus reus
Explanation

Refers to the guilty act or deed.

#10

What is the legal term for a written order issued by a judge to enforce a right?

Injunction
Explanation

Written order enforcing a right.

#11

What does 'voir dire' refer to in the legal system?

Jury selection process
Explanation

Process of jury selection.

#12

What is the legal doctrine that allows a person to use force to defend themselves against imminent harm?

Self-defense
Explanation

Right to defend against imminent harm.

#13

What is the legal doctrine that prevents a person from being tried twice for the same crime?

Double jeopardy
Explanation

Protection against being tried twice for same offense.

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