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Constitutional Law and Individual Rights Quiz

#1

Which amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees freedom of speech?

First Amendment
Explanation

Guarantees freedom of speech.

#2

Which amendment to the United States Constitution abolished slavery?

Thirteenth Amendment
Explanation

Abolished slavery.

#3

Who was the first African American to serve on the Supreme Court of the United States?

Thurgood Marshall
Explanation

First African American on Supreme Court.

#4

Which amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees the right to a trial by jury?

Sixth Amendment
Explanation

Guarantees trial by jury.

#5

Which Supreme Court case ruled that same-sex marriage is a fundamental right protected by the Constitution?

Obergefell v. Hodges
Explanation

Ruled same-sex marriage as constitutional.

#6

What is the legal doctrine that grants immunity to government officials from being sued for discretionary acts performed within their official capacity?

Qualified immunity
Explanation

Immunity for government officials.

#7

Who has the authority to declare a law unconstitutional in the United States?

The Supreme Court
Explanation

The highest court in the US.

#8

Which case established the precedent for judicial review in the United States?

Marbury v. Madison
Explanation

Established judicial review.

#9

What doctrine allows states to adopt and enforce laws and regulations that promote the health, safety, and welfare of their citizens?

Doctrine of police powers
Explanation

States' authority for citizen welfare.

#10

Which case established the 'clear and present danger' test for restricting free speech?

Schenck v. United States
Explanation

'Clear and present danger' test case.

#11

In which case did the Supreme Court establish the 'separate but equal' doctrine?

Plessy v. Ferguson
Explanation

'Separate but equal' doctrine case.

#12

What is the term used to describe the power of courts to interpret and overturn laws and governmental actions?

Judicial review
Explanation

Courts' power to interpret laws.

#13

What is the standard of review used in cases involving fundamental rights?

Strict scrutiny
Explanation

Stringent review for fundamental rights.

#14

Which of the following is not considered a fundamental right under the United States Constitution?

Right to vote
Explanation

Not considered a fundamental right.

#15

What is the principle that requires government action to be fair and not arbitrary?

Procedural due process
Explanation

Government actions must be fair.

#16

Which test is applied to laws that discriminate based on gender?

Intermediate scrutiny
Explanation

Scrutiny for gender discrimination.

#17

Which clause in the First Amendment prevents the government from endorsing or promoting religion?

Establishment Clause
Explanation

Prevents government religious promotion.

#18

What is the legal term used to describe a law that retroactively makes an act punishable in a manner in which it was not punishable when it was committed?

Ex post facto law
Explanation

Retroactive punishment law.

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