#1
Which amendment to the U.S. Constitution prohibits cruel and unusual punishment?
Eighth Amendment
ExplanationProhibits cruel and unusual punishment.
#2
What is the main purpose of the Miranda rights?
To protect suspects from self-incrimination
ExplanationProtects suspects from self-incrimination.
#3
In criminal law, what does 'mens rea' refer to?
The intention or knowledge of wrongdoing that constitutes part of a crime
ExplanationRefers to intention or knowledge of wrongdoing.
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the criminal justice system?
Social services
ExplanationNot a component of the criminal justice system.
#5
What is the principle of 'double jeopardy' in criminal law?
A defendant cannot be tried twice for the same crime if acquitted
ExplanationDefendant cannot be tried twice for same crime if acquitted.
#6
What does the 'presumption of innocence' mean in the context of criminal trials?
The burden of proof rests on the prosecution, and the defendant is considered innocent until proven guilty
ExplanationDefendant is considered innocent until proven guilty; burden of proof rests on prosecution.
#7
What is the 'fruit of the poisonous tree' doctrine in criminal law?
Evidence obtained illegally cannot be used in court, including evidence found as a result of illegal evidence
ExplanationIllegally obtained evidence cannot be used in court.
#8
What is the 'beyond a reasonable doubt' standard in criminal trials?
The evidence must prove the defendant's guilt with absolute certainty
ExplanationEvidence must prove guilt with absolute certainty.
#9
What is the difference between a bench trial and a jury trial?
A bench trial is presided over by a judge, while a jury trial is decided by a jury
ExplanationBench trial is presided over by judge; jury trial is decided by jury.
#10
What is 'corpus delicti' in criminal law?
The body of a crime
ExplanationRefers to the body of a crime.
#11
What is the 'Brady rule' in criminal law?
A rule that requires the prosecution to disclose exculpatory evidence to the defense
ExplanationRequires prosecution to disclose exculpatory evidence to defense.