#1
What is the primary focus of cognitive psychology?
Understanding mental processes
ExplanationCognitive psychology focuses on understanding mental processes such as perception, memory, and problem-solving.
#2
Which term refers to the mental representation of knowledge?
Schema
ExplanationSchema is the mental representation of knowledge that helps organize information.
#3
Which problem-solving strategy involves breaking a problem down into smaller subproblems?
Divide and conquer
ExplanationDivide and conquer is a problem-solving strategy that involves breaking a complex problem into smaller, more manageable subproblems.
#4
What is the term for the tendency to search for information that confirms one's preconceptions?
Confirmation bias
ExplanationConfirmation bias is the tendency to seek information that confirms one's existing beliefs or preconceptions.
#5
What is the term for the mental shortcut that involves making judgments based on how easily one can bring specific examples to mind?
Availability heuristic
ExplanationAvailability heuristic is a mental shortcut where judgments are influenced by the ease with which specific examples come to mind.
#6
Which type of problem-solving strategy involves gradually reducing the difference between the current state and the goal state?
Means-ends analysis
ExplanationMeans-ends analysis is a problem-solving strategy that involves gradually reducing the difference between the current state and the goal state.
#7
Which researcher proposed the stages of cognitive development in children?
Jean Piaget
ExplanationJean Piaget proposed the stages of cognitive development in children, emphasizing how they acquire knowledge and understanding.
#8
What is the term for the phenomenon where people overestimate the accuracy of their knowledge and judgments?
Overconfidence
ExplanationOverconfidence is the tendency to overestimate one's own knowledge, abilities, or the accuracy of judgments.
#9
Which cognitive bias involves the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions?
Anchoring bias
ExplanationAnchoring bias is the tendency to rely too heavily on the first piece of information encountered when making decisions.
#10
What is the term for the tendency to judge the frequency or probability of events based on how easily examples come to mind?
Availability heuristic
ExplanationAvailability heuristic is the tendency to judge the likelihood of events based on how easily relevant examples come to mind.