#1
Which of the following is NOT a threat to coastal ecosystems?
Deforestation
ExplanationPhysical alteration of coastal areas, not directly affecting marine ecosystems.
#2
What is the primary source of energy in most coastal ecosystems?
Solar energy
ExplanationSolar radiation powers photosynthesis and drives ecosystem processes.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of a coral reef ecosystem?
Warm, clear waters
ExplanationRequired for the growth of symbiotic algae.
#4
Which of the following is a primary producer in coastal ecosystems?
Seagrass
ExplanationGenerates organic material through photosynthesis.
#5
What is the term for the area where a river meets the sea?
Estuary
ExplanationTransition zone supporting unique habitats and species.
#6
What is the term for the area where the ocean meets the land?
Intertidal zone
ExplanationSubject to periodic exposure and immersion, supporting adaptable life forms.
#7
Which of the following is an example of a keystone species in marine ecosystems?
Seagrass
ExplanationCrucial in maintaining biodiversity and ecosystem structure.
#8
What is the term for the area where freshwater from rivers and streams meets the saltwater of the ocean?
Estuary
ExplanationHighly productive ecosystems supporting diverse life forms.
#9
Which of the following is a characteristic of a mangrove ecosystem?
High biodiversity
ExplanationHost diverse species and serve as nursery grounds.
#10
What is the name for the phenomenon where marine animals migrate vertically in the water column?
Vertical migration
ExplanationStrategy for feeding, avoiding predators, and optimizing conditions.
#11
What is the name of the phenomenon where ocean water layers have different temperatures and do not easily mix?
Thermocline
ExplanationForms a barrier to vertical water movement and nutrient mixing.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a type of coastal ecosystem?
Taiga
ExplanationTaiga is a terrestrial ecosystem, not coastal.
#13
What is the process by which coral reefs expel their symbiotic algae and turn white called?
Coral bleaching
ExplanationResult of stressors causing loss of colorful algae.
#14
Which of the following is NOT a function of seagrass beds in coastal ecosystems?
Decreasing water clarity
ExplanationSeagrasses improve water clarity through their structure.
#15
What is the main threat to sea turtles in coastal environments?
Habitat destruction
ExplanationLoss of nesting sites and feeding areas endanger sea turtles.
#16
Which of the following is a characteristic of coral reef biodiversity?
High species diversity
ExplanationVast array of species coexisting in the coral reef ecosystem.
#17
What is the term for the process of converting carbon dioxide into organic compounds by photosynthetic organisms?
Carbon fixation
ExplanationEssential for primary production and carbon cycling in ecosystems.
#18
What is the name of the area where freshwater rivers and streams meet the saltwater of the ocean, characterized by fluctuating salinity?
Estuarine zone
ExplanationUnique environment supporting brackish water species adapted to changing salinity.