#1
Which chamber of the heart receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs?
Left atrium
ExplanationReceives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs before sending it to the left ventricle.
#2
What is the medical term for high blood pressure?
Hypertension
ExplanationCondition where the force of blood against the artery walls is too high.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a type of blood vessel?
Alveoli
ExplanationAlveoli are air sacs in the lungs, not blood vessels.
#4
Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
O
ExplanationBlood type O can be transfused to patients with any blood type.
#5
What is the term for the fluid portion of blood?
Plasma
ExplanationPlasma is the liquid component of blood that carries cells and proteins throughout the body.
#6
Which blood vessel carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body?
Artery
ExplanationCarries oxygenated blood away from the heart to supply the body's tissues.
#7
What is the process by which white blood cells engulf and destroy pathogens called?
Phagocytosis
ExplanationProcess where white blood cells ingest and destroy foreign particles.
#8
What is the term for the contraction phase of the cardiac cycle?
Systole
ExplanationSystole is the phase where the heart contracts to pump blood.
#9
What is the name of the condition where there is a lack of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood?
Anemia
ExplanationAnemia results in a reduced ability of blood to carry oxygen.
#10
What is the name of the valve that separates the left atrium from the left ventricle?
Mitral valve
ExplanationAlso known as the bicuspid valve, it prevents blood from flowing back into the left atrium.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a component of blood?
Melanin
ExplanationMelanin is a pigment responsible for skin color, not a component of blood.
#12
Which of the following is responsible for the contraction of the heart's atria?
Sinoatrial node
ExplanationThe sinoatrial node generates electrical impulses that cause the atria to contract.
#13
Which of the following statements about the lymphatic system is true?
It helps maintain fluid balance in the body.
ExplanationThe lymphatic system collects and returns interstitial fluid to the bloodstream, helping maintain fluid balance.