#1
Which of the following is a major component of blood?
Plasma
Lymph
Cerebrospinal fluid
Synovial fluid
#2
What is the function of hemoglobin in the blood?
To carry oxygen
To fight infection
To produce energy
To regulate blood pressure
#3
What is the normal range for blood pressure in adults?
90/60 mmHg
120/80 mmHg
140/90 mmHg
160/100 mmHg
#4
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for cardiovascular disease?
Smoking
High cholesterol levels
Regular physical activity
High blood pressure
#5
What is the function of the atrioventricular valves in the heart?
To prevent the backflow of blood into the atria
To regulate the heartbeat
To control the opening and closing of the coronary arteries
To separate the ventricles from the atria
#6
Which of the following is a symptom of a heart attack?
Severe headache
Sudden loss of vision
Chest pain or discomfort
Joint pain
#7
Which of the following structures is known as the pacemaker of the heart?
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Sinoatrial (SA) node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibers
#8
What is the term for the relaxation phase of the cardiac cycle?
Systole
Diastole
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
#9
What is the term for the blockage of a coronary artery resulting in reduced blood flow to the heart muscle?
Atherosclerosis
Angina pectoris
Myocardial infarction
Coronary thrombosis
#10
Which of the following is a symptom of congestive heart failure?
Coughing up blood
Hypertension
Peripheral edema
Bradycardia
#11
What is the primary function of the circulatory system?
To transport oxygen to cells and remove waste products
To regulate body temperature
To produce hormones
To maintain electrolyte balance
#12
Which of the following factors can contribute to the development of hypertension?
High sodium intake
Regular exercise
Low cholesterol levels
Normal body weight
#13
Which diagnostic technique uses sound waves to produce images of the heart?
Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Echocardiography
Angiography
#14
What does the term 'cardiac output' refer to?
The volume of blood pumped by the heart per minute
The force exerted by the blood against the walls of the arteries
The ratio of red blood cells to total blood volume
The rate of blood flow through the capillaries
#15
What is the term for the inflammation of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves?
Endocarditis
Pericarditis
Myocarditis
Cardiomyopathy
#16
What is the term for the condition characterized by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin in the blood?
Leukopenia
Anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Hemophilia
#17
Which of the following is a symptom of a pulmonary embolism?
Chest pain
Abdominal pain
Joint pain
Headache