#1
Which of the following is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases?
High cholesterol levels
ExplanationHigh cholesterol increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases.
#2
Which of the following is a measure of the force exerted by blood against the walls of the arteries during the heart's pumping cycle?
Blood pressure
ExplanationBlood pressure measures the force of blood against artery walls during heartbeats.
#3
Which of the following lifestyle factors is associated with a lower risk of cardiovascular diseases?
Healthy diet
ExplanationA healthy diet is linked to reduced cardiovascular disease risk.
#4
What does the term 'hypertension' refer to in the context of cardiovascular health?
High blood pressure
ExplanationHypertension is high blood pressure, a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases.
#5
Which of the following blood vessels carries oxygenated blood away from the heart to the rest of the body?
Artery
ExplanationArteries carry oxygenated blood away from the heart to the body's tissues.
#6
What is the term for the medical procedure used to restore blood flow to the heart muscle by inserting a stent or balloon into a narrowed coronary artery?
Angioplasty
ExplanationAngioplasty opens narrowed coronary arteries to restore blood flow to the heart.
#7
What is the primary function of the heart's valves in the circulatory system?
Ensure one-way blood flow
ExplanationHeart valves prevent backward blood flow, ensuring one-way circulation.
#8
What is the term for the temporary disruption of blood flow to the brain, often resulting in neurological symptoms like weakness or speech difficulties?
Ischemic stroke
ExplanationIschemic stroke is caused by temporary brain blood flow disruption.
#9
What is the medical term for an irregular heartbeat, often characterized by rapid, slow, or erratic heartbeats?
Arrhythmia
ExplanationArrhythmia refers to irregular heartbeats, which can vary in speed.
#10
What is the medical term for the condition where the blood supply to the heart muscle is blocked, often leading to a heart attack?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationMyocardial infarction is the blockage of blood supply to the heart, causing a heart attack.
#11
In cardiovascular health, what is the role of HDL cholesterol?
Carries cholesterol away from the arteries to the liver
ExplanationHDL cholesterol transports cholesterol away from arteries to the liver for processing.
#12
Which lipid molecule is commonly referred to as 'bad cholesterol' due to its association with an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases?
LDL cholesterol
ExplanationLDL cholesterol is termed 'bad' due to its link with cardiovascular disease risk.
#13
Which condition is characterized by a buildup of fatty deposits on the inner walls of arteries, leading to reduced blood flow?
Atherosclerosis
ExplanationAtherosclerosis involves artery wall fatty deposit buildup, restricting blood flow.
#14
What is the term for the medical emergency that occurs when part of the heart muscle doesn't receive enough blood, leading to damage or death of that tissue?
Myocardial infarction
ExplanationMyocardial infarction is a heart emergency due to insufficient blood flow.
#15
Which of the following conditions is characterized by the formation of blood clots within veins, often in the legs?
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT)
ExplanationDVT involves blood clot formation within veins, commonly in the legs.