Cardiac Auscultation and Heart Sounds Quiz

S1 is produced by closure of the mitral and tricuspid valves.

S2 is produced by closure of the semilunar valves, aortic and pulmonary.

MVP is primarily caused by connective tissue disorders.

S3 is associated with conditions like myocardial infarction and heart failure.

S4 occurs during atrial contraction in late diastole.

Split S2 is common in conditions delaying closure of the pulmonary valve, like right bundle branch block.

Valsalva maneuver decreases ventricular volume, enhancing MVP clicks.

Aortic regurgitation commonly results from aortic dissection.

Mitral regurgitation results in a murmur during diastole.

PDA is characterized by a continuous 'machine-like' murmur.

Squatting increases venous return, reducing innocent murmurs.

Holo-systolic murmurs are typical in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Aortic valve is open during ejection phase when blood is pumped out.

S3 is often described as a 'gallop' rhythm and is heard in heart failure.

Pericardial friction rubs diminish with the patient leaning forward.

S3 corresponds to atrial contraction during late diastole.

Ejection systolic murmurs have a crescendo-decrescendo pattern.