#1
What is the formula to calculate cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
CPP = MAP - ICP
CPP = MAP + ICP
CPP = MAP / ICP
CPP = MAP * ICP
#2
What does MAP stand for in the context of cerebral perfusion pressure?
Mean Arterial Pressure
Median Arterial Pressure
Maximum Arterial Pressure
Minimum Arterial Pressure
#3
What is the normal range for cerebral perfusion pressure in adults?
50-70 mmHg
70-100 mmHg
30-50 mmHg
100-120 mmHg
#4
Which of the following is NOT a component of the Monro-Kellie doctrine, often considered in relation to cerebral perfusion pressure?
Brain tissue
Cerebrospinal fluid
Blood
Skull
#5
Which of the following conditions can lead to decreased cerebral perfusion pressure?
Hypertension
Hypotension
Hyperglycemia
Hypernatremia
#6
What is the primary determinant of cerebral perfusion pressure?
Cardiac output
Intracranial pressure
Systemic vascular resistance
Mean arterial pressure
#7
Which of the following is a common method for monitoring intracranial pressure in clinical practice?
Electroencephalogram (EEG)
Computed tomography (CT) scan
Intraventricular catheter
Echocardiography
#8
In traumatic brain injury, why is maintaining an adequate cerebral perfusion pressure important?
To prevent cerebral edema
To reduce intracranial pressure
To minimize secondary brain injury
All of the above
#9
What effect does hyperventilation have on cerebral perfusion pressure?
Increases CPP
Decreases CPP
No significant effect on CPP
Varies depending on individual response
#10
Which of the following conditions is associated with autoregulation failure and potential impairment of cerebral perfusion pressure regulation?
Hypertension
Traumatic brain injury
Migraine
Normal aging
#11
Which of the following factors directly affects mean arterial pressure (MAP) and consequently cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP)?
Heart rate
Respiratory rate
Body temperature
Blood viscosity
#12
In the context of cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP), what does the term 'critical closing pressure' refer to?
The minimum arterial pressure at which cerebral blood flow ceases
The maximum intracranial pressure tolerated by the brain
The pressure at which cerebral arteries collapse
The pressure required to maintain autoregulation