#1
Who is considered the founder of behaviorism?
John B. Watson
ExplanationJohn B. Watson is considered the founder of behaviorism.
#2
What is classical conditioning primarily associated with?
Ivan Pavlov
ExplanationClassical conditioning is primarily associated with Ivan Pavlov.
#3
Who proposed the social learning theory?
Albert Bandura
ExplanationAlbert Bandura proposed the social learning theory.
#4
What is the term used to describe learning by observing others?
Social learning
ExplanationLearning by observing others is termed as social learning.
#5
Which theorist proposed the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the hierarchy of needs.
#6
Who proposed the theory of operant conditioning?
B.F. Skinner
ExplanationB.F. Skinner proposed the theory of operant conditioning.
#7
According to behaviorist theories, how is behavior primarily learned?
Through reinforcement and punishment
ExplanationBehavior is primarily learned through reinforcement and punishment according to behaviorist theories.
#8
What is the main focus of social learning theory?
Social and environmental factors
ExplanationThe main focus of social learning theory is on social and environmental factors.
#9
In Bandura's Bobo doll experiment, what did children do after observing aggressive behavior towards the doll?
Imitated the behavior
ExplanationChildren imitated the behavior after observing aggressive behavior towards the doll in Bandura's Bobo doll experiment.
#10
According to Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which needs must be fulfilled before higher-level needs can be addressed?
Physiological needs
ExplanationPhysiological needs must be fulfilled before higher-level needs can be addressed according to Maslow's hierarchy of needs.
#11
In behaviorist terminology, what does 'shaping' refer to?
The gradual process of reinforcing behaviors that are closer to the desired behavior
Explanation'Shaping' refers to the gradual process of reinforcing behaviors that are closer to the desired behavior in behaviorist terminology.
#12
What concept in social learning theory suggests that individuals are more likely to adopt a behavior if they believe it will lead to positive outcomes?
Self-efficacy
ExplanationSelf-efficacy is the concept in social learning theory suggesting that individuals are more likely to adopt a behavior if they believe it will lead to positive outcomes.
#13
What does Maslow refer to as the highest level of motivation in his hierarchy of needs?
Self-actualization
ExplanationMaslow refers to self-actualization as the highest level of motivation in his hierarchy of needs.
#14
What criticism has been raised against Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory?
All of the above
ExplanationVarious criticisms have been raised against Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory.
#15
According to self-determination theory, what are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior?
Autonomy, competence, and relatedness
ExplanationAutonomy, competence, and relatedness are the three basic psychological needs that drive human behavior according to self-determination theory.