#1
What is the basic unit of the nervous system?
Neuron
ExplanationFundamental cell transmitting nerve signals.
#2
Which part of the neuron receives signals from other neurons?
Dendrite
ExplanationBranching structure receiving neural inputs.
#3
What is the main function of myelin sheath?
Speed up nerve impulse conduction
ExplanationInsulating layer aiding in rapid signal transmission.
#4
Which neurotransmitter is associated with pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationNeurotransmitter linked to feelings of pleasure.
#5
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic bodily functions like breathing and heart rate?
Medulla oblongata
ExplanationBrainstem region governing vital autonomic functions.
#6
What is the term for the junction between two neurons where communication occurs?
Synapse
ExplanationConnection facilitating neural transmission.
#7
What is the primary function of the hippocampus in the brain?
Long-term memory formation
ExplanationCrucial for converting short-term into long-term memories.
#8
What is the role of the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest and digest functions
ExplanationCalming responses promoting rest and digestion.
#9
Which part of the peripheral nervous system is responsible for voluntary muscle movements?
Somatic nervous system
ExplanationControls conscious muscle actions.
#10
What is the function of the blood-brain barrier?
Protecting the brain from harmful substances
ExplanationSafeguarding brain by regulating substance passage.
#11
Which hormone is produced by the pineal gland and regulates sleep-wake cycles?
Melatonin
ExplanationRegulates sleep patterns and circadian rhythms.
#12
What is the function of the motor cortex in the brain?
Controlling voluntary muscle movements
ExplanationCoordinates voluntary muscle actions.