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Viral Structures and Replication Mechanisms Quiz

#1

Which viral structure is responsible for protecting the genetic material of a virus?

Nucleocapsid
Explanation

Protects viral genetic material.

#2

Which viral replication cycle leads to the death of the host cell?

Lytic cycle
Explanation

Results in host cell death.

#3

Which step in the viral life cycle involves the release of newly formed viral particles from the host cell?

Release
Explanation

Involves viral particle release.

#4

Which viral structure plays a crucial role in the attachment of the virus to specific receptors on the host cell membrane?

Spike protein
Explanation

Facilitates host cell attachment.

#5

Which step in the viral life cycle involves the injection of viral genetic material into the host cell?

Penetration
Explanation

Involves genetic material injection.

#6

What is the primary function of the viral envelope?

Attachment to host cells
Explanation

Enables attachment to host cells.

#7

Which enzyme is crucial for the replication of RNA viruses?

RNA polymerase
Explanation

Essential for RNA replication.

#8

What is a key difference between positive-sense and negative-sense RNA viruses?

Direction of RNA synthesis
Explanation

Differs in RNA synthesis direction.

#9

Which enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of DNA from an RNA template in retroviral replication?

Reverse transcriptase
Explanation

Synthesizes DNA from RNA.

#10

What is the purpose of the viral protease in the final stages of the viral life cycle?

Cleaves viral polyprotein into functional proteins
Explanation

Cleaves polyprotein.

#11

In the context of viral replication, what is the purpose of the primer?

Initiate DNA replication
Explanation

Initiates DNA replication.

#12

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of retroviral replication?

Reverse transcription
Explanation

Involves reverse transcription.

#13

What is the role of integrase in the life cycle of retroviruses?

Facilitates integration of viral DNA into host genome
Explanation

Aids viral DNA integration.

#14

What is the primary function of the viral matrix protein in the budding of enveloped viruses?

Anchors viral envelope proteins
Explanation

Anchors envelope proteins.

#15

In the context of viral replication, what is a provirus?

Viral genome integrated into host DNA
Explanation

Integrated viral genome.

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