#1
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of viruses?
They lack cellular structure
ExplanationViruses lack cellular structure due to being acellular entities.
#2
What is the primary function of the viral capsid?
To provide protection for viral nucleic acid
ExplanationCapsids encase and protect the viral genetic material.
#3
Which cellular organelle is commonly utilized by viruses for protein synthesis?
Ribosome
ExplanationViruses hijack ribosomes within host cells to synthesize viral proteins.
#4
Which enzyme is responsible for the replication of RNA viruses?
RNA polymerase
ExplanationRNA polymerase catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from RNA templates during viral replication.
#5
Which of the following is a method used by viruses to enter host cells?
Endocytosis
ExplanationViruses can enter host cells via endocytosis, a process where they are engulfed into the cell.
#6
Which viral replication process involves the integration of viral DNA into the host cell's genome?
Lysogenic cycle
ExplanationDuring the lysogenic cycle, viral DNA integrates into the host genome and replicates along with it.
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic of retroviruses?
They utilize reverse transcriptase to produce DNA from RNA
ExplanationRetroviruses use reverse transcriptase to convert their RNA genome into DNA.
#8
What is the significance of the viral envelope?
It aids in viral attachment to host cells
ExplanationThe viral envelope contains proteins that facilitate attachment to host cell receptors.
#9
What is the function of the viral matrix protein?
Facilitates viral attachment to host cells
ExplanationThe viral matrix protein helps in stabilizing the virion and in viral attachment to host cell receptors.
#10
What is the role of viral proteases during viral replication?
To cleave viral polyproteins into functional proteins
ExplanationViral proteases cleave large viral polyproteins into smaller functional units.
#11
What is the role of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase?
Catalyzes the synthesis of RNA from RNA templates
ExplanationViral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase catalyzes the replication of RNA from RNA templates.