#1
Which of the following is true about viral structure?
Viruses consist of a protein coat surrounding nucleic acid.
ExplanationViruses have a protein coat protecting their genetic material.
#2
Which of the following is a feature of the lytic cycle in viral replication?
The host cell is lysed to release new viral particles.
ExplanationLytic cycle involves host cell lysis for viral particle release.
#3
Which of the following is a characteristic of enveloped viruses?
They are released from the host cell through exocytosis.
ExplanationEnveloped viruses are released through host cell exocytosis.
#4
Which of the following is a defining characteristic of retroviruses?
They use integrase to integrate their genome into the host cell genome.
ExplanationRetroviruses use integrase to integrate their genome into host cells.
#5
Which of the following is a characteristic of DNA viruses?
They can integrate their genome into the host cell genome.
ExplanationDNA viruses can integrate their genome into the host cell genome.
#6
What is the primary function of viral proteins during infection?
To assist in viral entry and replication within host cells
ExplanationViral proteins aid in entry and replication in host cells.
#7
Which of the following is NOT a mechanism by which viruses cause disease?
Stimulating host immune responses
ExplanationViruses do not cause disease by stimulating host immune responses.
#8
What is the primary target of antiviral drugs?
Viral proteins or processes essential for viral replication
ExplanationAntiviral drugs target essential viral proteins or processes.
#9
Which of the following is a zoonotic virus?
Influenza virus
ExplanationZoonotic viruses, like Influenza, can transmit between animals and humans.
#10
What is the mechanism of action of neuraminidase inhibitors?
Preventing viral attachment and release from host cells
ExplanationNeuraminidase inhibitors prevent viral attachment and release.
#11
What is the function of the viral envelope?
To aid in attachment to host cells
ExplanationThe viral envelope helps in attaching to host cells.
#12
Which of the following is a characteristic of retroviruses?
They use reverse transcriptase to convert RNA to DNA.
ExplanationRetroviruses convert RNA to DNA using reverse transcriptase.
#13
What role does the viral capsid play in the viral life cycle?
It protects the viral genome from host defenses.
ExplanationViral capsid protects the genome from host defenses.
#14
What is the significance of viral tropism?
It determines the host range of the virus.
ExplanationViral tropism determines the host range of a virus.
#15
What is the role of viral polymerases during replication?
Catalyzing the synthesis of viral nucleic acids
ExplanationViral polymerases synthesize viral nucleic acids during replication.