#1
Which organ is responsible for filtering waste products from the blood to form urine?
Kidneys
ExplanationKidneys filter blood to form urine.
#2
What is the medical term for difficulty in passing urine?
Dysuria
ExplanationDysuria refers to difficulty in passing urine.
#3
Which of the following structures carries urine from the kidneys to the bladder?
Ureter
ExplanationUreter carries urine from kidneys to bladder.
#4
What is the medical term for the presence of glucose in the urine?
Glycosuria
ExplanationGlycosuria refers to the presence of glucose in urine.
#5
Which of the following hormones is responsible for stimulating the production of red blood cells in the bone marrow?
Erythropoietin
ExplanationErythropoietin stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow.
#6
Which hormone is primarily responsible for regulating water balance by controlling the reabsorption of water in the kidneys?
Aldosterone
ExplanationAldosterone regulates water balance by controlling water reabsorption in the kidneys.
#7
What is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering blood and forming urine?
Nephron
ExplanationNephron is the functional unit of the kidney responsible for blood filtration and urine formation.
#8
Which of the following is NOT a function of the urinary system?
Production of red blood cells
ExplanationThe urinary system is not responsible for the production of red blood cells.
#9
Which of the following is a condition characterized by the formation of kidney stones?
Nephrolithiasis
ExplanationNephrolithiasis is the formation of kidney stones.
#10
Which part of the nephron is responsible for reabsorbing glucose, amino acids, and water from the filtrate back into the blood?
Proximal convoluted tubule
ExplanationProximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs glucose, amino acids, and water from filtrate.
#11
Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of a urinary tract infection (UTI)?
Polydipsia (excessive thirst)
ExplanationPolydipsia is excessive thirst, not a common symptom of UTI.
#12
What is the medical term for the involuntary loss of urine?
Enuresis
ExplanationEnuresis is the involuntary loss of urine.
#13
Which of the following is a hormone produced by the kidneys that helps regulate blood pressure?
Renin
ExplanationRenin is produced by the kidneys to help regulate blood pressure.
#14
Which of the following conditions involves the presence of protein in the urine?
Nephrotic syndrome
ExplanationNephrotic syndrome involves protein presence in urine.
#15
Which of the following is NOT a function of the renal pelvis?
Storing urine before elimination
ExplanationRenal pelvis is not responsible for storing urine before elimination.