#1
Which of the following is NOT a core symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)?
Enhanced motor skills
ExplanationEnhanced motor skills are not typically associated with ASD.
#2
What is one of the core features of autism according to the DSM-5?
Restricted, repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, or activities
ExplanationRestricted, repetitive patterns are core features of autism per DSM-5.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a developmental milestone typically delayed in children with autism?
Walking by 18 months
ExplanationWalking by 18 months is not typically delayed in children with autism.
#4
What is the approximate male-to-female ratio among individuals diagnosed with autism?
4:1
ExplanationThe approximate male-to-female ratio in autism is 4:1.
#5
Which of the following is a common comorbid condition seen in individuals with autism?
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
ExplanationOCD is a common comorbid condition in individuals with autism.
#6
What is the primary goal of early intervention programs for children with autism?
To optimize developmental outcomes
ExplanationEarly intervention aims to optimize developmental outcomes in autism.
#7
What is the prevalence rate of ASD in the United States?
1 in 68
ExplanationThe prevalence rate of ASD in the US is approximately 1 in 68 individuals.
#8
Which of the following is a known genetic risk factor for autism?
Advanced paternal age
ExplanationAdvanced paternal age is associated with an increased risk of autism.
#9
What brain imaging technique has provided insights into the neurobiology of autism?
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
ExplanationMRI has been used to study the neurobiology of autism.
#10
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals with autism have exceptional abilities in a specific area, such as math or music?
Savant syndrome
ExplanationSavant syndrome describes exceptional abilities in individuals with autism.
#11
Which of the following prenatal factors has NOT been associated with an increased risk of autism?
Low birth weight
ExplanationLow birth weight is not typically associated with an increased risk of autism.
#12
What percentage of individuals with autism have intellectual disability (IQ below 70)?
10-20%
ExplanationApproximately 10-20% of individuals with autism have intellectual disability.
#13
Which theory suggests that autism arises from an overgrowth of synapses in the brain?
Intense world theory
ExplanationIntense world theory proposes an overgrowth of synapses in autism.
#14
Which neurotransmitter imbalance has been implicated in the pathophysiology of autism?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin imbalance has been linked to autism pathophysiology.