#1
Who is considered the founder of psychoanalysis?
Sigmund Freud
ExplanationSigmund Freud is credited as the founder of psychoanalysis, pioneering the exploration of the unconscious mind.
#2
Which component of the mind, according to Freud, operates on the pleasure principle?
Id
ExplanationThe Id, according to Freud, operates on the pleasure principle, seeking immediate gratification of desires and instincts.
#3
According to Jung, what is the universal inherited experience of humankind called?
Collective unconscious
ExplanationAccording to Jung, the universal inherited experience of humankind is called the Collective Unconscious, containing archetypes and shared symbols.
#4
In Freudian theory, what is the primary function of the ego?
To balance the demands of the id, superego, and reality
ExplanationIn Freudian theory, the primary function of the ego is to balance the demands of the id, superego, and reality, mediating between instinctual drives and moral standards.
#5
According to Freud, what is the primary driving force behind human behavior?
Desire for pleasure
ExplanationAccording to Freud, the primary driving force behind human behavior is the desire for pleasure, seeking gratification of innate desires.
#6
What is the term used for the process by which unacceptable thoughts or impulses are pushed into the unconscious?
Repression
ExplanationRepression is the process by which unacceptable thoughts or impulses are pushed into the unconscious, preventing conscious awareness.
#7
According to Freud, which psychosexual stage occurs during the age of 3 to 6 years, where pleasure focuses on the genitals?
Phallic stage
ExplanationThe Phallic stage, according to Freud, occurs during ages 3 to 6, where pleasure centers on the genitals and the Oedipus complex may arise.
#8
What term did Freud use to describe the unconscious censorship of threatening impulses?
Repression
ExplanationFreud used the term Repression to describe the unconscious censorship of threatening impulses, keeping them from reaching conscious awareness.
#9
Which of the following is NOT one of the three main components of Freud's structural model of the psyche?
Conscious mind
ExplanationThe Conscious mind is not one of Freud's three main components of the psyche, which include the Id, Ego, and Superego.
#10
Which defense mechanism involves attributing one's unacceptable qualities or feelings to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection is a defense mechanism that involves attributing one's unacceptable qualities or feelings to others, avoiding self-awareness.
#11
Which defense mechanism involves redirecting unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities?
Sublimation
ExplanationSublimation is a defense mechanism that involves redirecting unacceptable impulses into socially acceptable activities, providing a healthy outlet for desires.
#12
Who introduced the concept of 'individuation,' the process of integrating disparate aspects of the personality?
Carl Jung
ExplanationCarl Jung introduced the concept of 'individuation,' the process of integrating disparate aspects of the personality for personal growth.
#13
Which psychoanalytic theorist introduced the concept of 'inferiority complex'?
Alfred Adler
ExplanationAlfred Adler introduced the concept of 'inferiority complex,' highlighting feelings of inadequacy and striving for superiority.
#14
What defense mechanism involves returning to an earlier, less demanding stage of development?
Regression
ExplanationRegression is a defense mechanism involving a return to an earlier, less demanding stage of development in response to stress or conflict.
#15
Who introduced the concept of 'basic anxiety' as a pervasive feeling of loneliness and helplessness?
Karen Horney
ExplanationKaren Horney introduced the concept of 'basic anxiety,' describing a pervasive feeling of loneliness and helplessness in individuals.