#1
What is hypoxia?
A deficiency of oxygen in the body
ExplanationLack of oxygen in the body.
#2
Which of the following is NOT a type of hypoxia?
Hypercapnic hypoxia
ExplanationHypoxia due to high carbon dioxide levels, not lack of oxygen.
#3
What is the primary symptom of hypoxia?
Cyanosis
ExplanationBluish discoloration of the skin due to lack of oxygen.
#4
Which of the following is a treatment option for hypoxia?
Administering supplemental oxygen
ExplanationProviding extra oxygen to alleviate oxygen deficiency.
#5
What is the term for the inability of the blood to transport sufficient oxygen to tissues?
Hypoxemia
ExplanationBlood unable to carry enough oxygen to tissues.
#6
Which organ is particularly vulnerable to the effects of hypoxia?
Brain
ExplanationThe brain is highly sensitive to oxygen deprivation.
#7
What is the primary cause of hypoxic hypoxia?
Low oxygen content in the air
ExplanationInsufficient oxygen in the environment.
#8
Which condition is characterized by tissue hypoxia despite adequate oxygen delivery?
Histotoxic hypoxia
ExplanationTissue hypoxia despite enough oxygen being delivered.
#9
What is the difference between hypoxemia and hypoxia?
Hypoxemia is low oxygen in the blood, while hypoxia is low oxygen in the tissues.
ExplanationHypoxemia is low blood oxygen; hypoxia is low tissue oxygen.
#10
What is the normal range of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) in healthy individuals?
90-100%
ExplanationHealthy individuals typically have SaO2 levels between 90-100%.
#11
What is the main mechanism by which histotoxic hypoxia impairs cellular function?
Impaired ability of cells to use oxygen
ExplanationCells lose their ability to effectively utilize oxygen.
#12
Which of the following is a characteristic of stagnant hypoxia?
Decreased blood flow to tissues
ExplanationReduced blood flow leading to inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues.
#13
What is the Bohr effect?
A phenomenon where low pH decreases the affinity of hemoglobin for oxygen
ExplanationDecreased hemoglobin's ability to bind to oxygen under low pH conditions.
#14
Which of the following is a complication of chronic hypoxia?
Pulmonary hypertension
ExplanationHigh blood pressure in the arteries of the lungs due to chronic low oxygen levels.