#1
Which of the following best describes temperament?
It is the emotional part of personality that is innate and present from birth.
ExplanationTemperament is the innate emotional aspect of personality.
#2
Which temperament is characterized by being outgoing, energetic, and seeking excitement?
Sanguine
ExplanationSanguine individuals are outgoing and seek excitement.
#3
Which temperament is characterized by being analytical, detail-oriented, and cautious?
Melancholic
ExplanationMelancholic temperament is analytical, detail-oriented, and cautious.
#4
Which temperament is typically characterized by being calm, easygoing, and unemotional?
Phlegmatic
ExplanationPhlegmatic temperament is calm, easygoing, and unemotional.
#5
Which temperament trait is associated with a tendency to be emotionally sensitive and prone to mood swings?
Melancholic
ExplanationMelancholic temperament is associated with emotional sensitivity and mood swings.
#6
According to ancient Greek medicine, which bodily fluid was associated with the choleric temperament?
Yellow bile
ExplanationCholeric temperament was associated with yellow bile in ancient Greek medicine.
#7
Which psychologist proposed the theory of temperament that includes the categories of easy, difficult, and slow-to-warm-up?
Jerome Kagan
ExplanationJerome Kagan proposed the theory of temperament with these categories.
#8
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with the temperament trait of impulsivity?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is often associated with impulsivity.
#9
Which of the following is NOT one of the Big Five personality traits that are often correlated with temperament?
Humility
ExplanationHumility is not one of the Big Five personality traits.
#10
Which of the following is NOT one of the temperament dimensions proposed by Hans Eysenck?
Conscientiousness
ExplanationConscientiousness is not a temperament dimension proposed by Eysenck.
#11
According to Jerome Kagan's research, what percentage of infants fall into the category of 'easy' temperament?
40%
Explanation40% of infants fall into the 'easy' temperament category according to Kagan's research.
#12
Which theorist is known for his work on the concept of 'behavioral inhibition' and its relation to temperament?
Jerome Kagan
ExplanationJerome Kagan is known for his work on 'behavioral inhibition' and temperament.
#13
In temperament research, what is meant by the term 'goodness of fit'?
The degree to which a person's temperament matches the demands and expectations of their environment.
ExplanationGoodness of fit refers to how well a person's temperament aligns with their environment.
#14
Which neurotransmitter is often associated with the temperament trait of anxiety?
Serotonin
ExplanationSerotonin is often associated with anxiety.
#15
Which theorist is known for the concept of the 'Big Three' temperament traits: negative affectivity, positive affectivity, and effortful control?
Mary Rothbart
ExplanationMary Rothbart is known for the 'Big Three' temperament traits.