#1
What is attribution in psychology?
It is the process of explaining the causes of behavior.
ExplanationAttribution in psychology involves explaining the reasons behind someone's actions.
#2
Which of the following is an example of internal attribution?
Believing someone is friendly because they're naturally outgoing.
ExplanationInternal attribution involves attributing behavior to personal characteristics, like being naturally outgoing.
#3
What is the difference between internal and external attributions?
Internal attributions refer to personal characteristics, while external attributions refer to situational factors.
ExplanationInternal attributions involve personal traits, while external attributions relate to situational influences on behavior.
#4
According to Kelley's covariation model, which of the following is NOT a factor influencing attribution?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity is not a factor in Kelley's covariation model, which focuses on consensus, consistency, and distinctiveness.
#5
What is the self-serving bias in attribution?
The tendency to attribute our own failures to external factors and our successes to internal factors.
ExplanationThe self-serving bias involves attributing personal failures to external causes and personal successes to internal attributes.
#6
What is the fundamental attribution error?
Overestimating the influence of personal factors on behavior.
ExplanationThe fundamental attribution error is the tendency to overemphasize personal factors and underestimate situational influences on behavior.
#7
Which theory in attribution suggests that people attribute others' behavior to either internal or external causes?
Correspondent inference theory
ExplanationCorrespondent inference theory posits that individuals attribute others' behavior to internal or external causes based on their actions.
#8
What is the difference between the fundamental attribution error and the actor-observer bias?
The fundamental attribution error involves attributing others' behavior to internal factors, while the actor-observer bias involves attributing our own behavior to external factors.
ExplanationThe fundamental attribution error concerns others, attributing their actions internally, while the actor-observer bias relates to self, attributing our actions externally.
#9
How does culture influence attribution?
Culture influences the importance of internal versus external attributions.
ExplanationCulture shapes the significance placed on internal or external attributions in explaining behavior.
#10
What is the difference between internal and external locus of control?
Internal locus of control refers to the belief that one's actions determine outcomes, while external locus of control refers to the belief that outcomes are determined by external forces.
ExplanationInternal locus of control involves believing one's actions shape outcomes, while external locus of control involves attributing outcomes to external forces.
#11
In the context of attribution theory, what is meant by the term 'consensus'?
The extent to which others behave similarly in a given situation.
ExplanationConsensus, in attribution theory, refers to the degree to which others exhibit similar behavior in a particular situation.
#12
What is the discounting principle in attribution theory?
It states that if there are multiple potential causes for an event, we reduce the weight of each cause.
ExplanationThe discounting principle in attribution theory asserts that when multiple causes exist for an event, the weight of each cause is diminished.
#13
According to Weiner's attribution theory of achievement, which of the following dimensions influences the emotional reaction to success or failure?
Stability
ExplanationIn Weiner's attribution theory of achievement, the dimension of stability influences the emotional response to success or failure.
#14
What is the actor-observer bias?
The tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors and our own behavior to external factors.
ExplanationThe actor-observer bias is the inclination to attribute others' actions internally while attributing our own actions externally.
#15
What is meant by the term 'attributional style'?
The habitual way in which people explain the causes of events in their lives.
ExplanationAttributional style is the consistent manner in which individuals explain the reasons behind events in their lives.