#1
Which of the following is a common cause of distributive shock?
Anaphylaxis
ExplanationMassive vasodilation due to systemic allergic reaction.
#2
Which type of shock is characterized by inadequate pumping of the heart resulting in decreased cardiac output?
Cardiogenic shock
ExplanationHeart's inability to pump enough blood to meet body's needs.
#3
Which of the following is a potential complication of prolonged shock?
Renal failure
ExplanationDiminished kidney function due to prolonged hypoperfusion.
#4
Which of the following is a clinical manifestation of compensated shock?
Tachycardia
ExplanationIncreased heart rate as a compensatory response.
#5
What is the primary treatment for hypovolemic shock?
Fluid resuscitation
ExplanationRestoring intravascular volume with fluids.
#6
Which of the following is a key clinical manifestation of cardiogenic shock?
Pulmonary congestion
ExplanationFluid buildup in the lungs due to heart failure.
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic feature of neurogenic shock?
Bradycardia
ExplanationSlowed heart rate due to disruption of autonomic nervous system.
#8
What is the primary cause of obstructive shock?
Mechanical obstruction to blood flow
ExplanationPhysical blockage hinders blood circulation.
#9
Which laboratory finding is commonly seen in patients with shock?
Hyperkalemia
ExplanationElevated potassium levels indicating cellular damage.
#10
What is the initial fluid of choice for fluid resuscitation in most types of shock?
Isotonic crystalloids
ExplanationBalanced fluids to replace lost volume.
#11
In septic shock, what is the primary pathophysiological mechanism responsible for vasodilation and capillary leak?
Release of inflammatory cytokines
ExplanationImmune response triggers systemic vasodilation and leaky capillaries.