#1
Which of the following is a commonly abused stimulant?
Cocaine
ExplanationCocaine is a commonly abused stimulant drug.
#2
What is the process by which the body metabolizes alcohol?
Oxidation
ExplanationAlcohol is metabolized through oxidation in the body.
#3
Which of the following is NOT a factor contributing to substance abuse and addiction?
Physical exercise
ExplanationPhysical exercise is not a contributing factor to substance abuse and addiction.
#4
Which of the following is a common short-term effect of stimulant use?
Elevated mood and energy
ExplanationStimulant use commonly causes elevated mood and energy.
#5
Which of the following is a commonly abused opioid medication?
Morphine
ExplanationMorphine is a commonly abused opioid medication.
#6
What neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the reward system in the brain?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is primarily associated with the brain's reward system.
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic symptom of substance dependence?
Tolerance
ExplanationTolerance is a characteristic symptom of substance dependence.
#8
Which of the following is a common symptom of alcohol withdrawal syndrome?
Delirium tremens
ExplanationDelirium tremens is a common symptom of alcohol withdrawal syndrome.
#9
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where an individual needs increasing amounts of a substance to achieve the same effect?
Tolerance
ExplanationTolerance refers to needing increasing amounts of a substance for the same effect.
#10
What is the primary psychoactive component in cannabis?
Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC)
ExplanationTetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is the primary psychoactive component in cannabis.
#11
Which of the following neurotransmitters is involved in the regulation of mood and is often targeted by antidepressant medications?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationNorepinephrine regulates mood and is targeted by antidepressants.
#12
What is the primary active ingredient in tobacco smoke that causes addiction?
Nicotine
ExplanationNicotine is the primary addictive ingredient in tobacco smoke.
#13
What is the primary neurotransmitter affected by opioids?
Endorphins
ExplanationEndorphins are the primary neurotransmitter affected by opioids.
#14
Which brain region is heavily involved in decision-making and impulse control and is often impaired in individuals with addiction?
Prefrontal cortex
ExplanationThe prefrontal cortex is heavily involved in decision-making and impulse control, often impaired in addiction.
#15
Which of the following drugs is classified as a hallucinogen?
PCP
ExplanationPCP is classified as a hallucinogenic drug.
#16
What term describes the state of being physically or psychologically dependent on a substance and experiencing withdrawal symptoms when not using it?
Addiction
ExplanationAddiction describes dependence and withdrawal symptoms from a substance.
#17
What is the primary mechanism of action of benzodiazepines, a commonly prescribed class of drugs for anxiety and insomnia?
Enhancing GABA activity
ExplanationBenzodiazepines enhance GABA activity, treating anxiety and insomnia.
#18
Which of the following brain regions is involved in the formation of memories and is particularly vulnerable to damage from chronic alcohol abuse?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus is involved in memory formation, vulnerable to alcohol abuse damage.
#19
What is the primary neurotransmitter involved in the regulation of pain and pleasure?
Endorphins
ExplanationEndorphins regulate pain and pleasure in the brain.