#1
Which of the following is an example of a cross-sectional study?
A study assessing the prevalence of diabetes in a population at a single point in time.
ExplanationExamining a population's health status at a specific moment.
#2
What is the purpose of a pilot study in research?
To test the feasibility of the study procedures.
ExplanationAssessing feasibility of study procedures.
#3
What is the term used to describe the group of individuals from which a sample is drawn in a research study?
Population
ExplanationTotality of individuals in a study's scope.
#4
What is the term used to describe a variable that is measured at the end of a study?
Dependent variable
ExplanationVariable measured at study's conclusion.
#5
What is the primary advantage of a randomized controlled trial (RCT) over other study designs?
It allows for the determination of causality.
ExplanationEnables establishing cause-and-effect relationships.
#6
In a case-control study, how are participants selected?
Participants are selected based on their exposure to a particular factor.
ExplanationSelection based on exposure to specific factors.
#7
What is a confounding variable in research?
A variable that distorts the relationship between the independent and dependent variables.
ExplanationVariable affecting the relationship between others.
#8
What is the purpose of blinding in a research study?
To prevent bias in the assessment of outcomes.
ExplanationPreventing biased outcome assessment.
#9
Which of the following is a limitation of a cross-sectional study design?
It cannot establish cause-and-effect relationships.
ExplanationInability to determine cause-and-effect.
#10
Which of the following is a characteristic of a cohort study?
Participants are followed over time to observe outcomes.
ExplanationFollowing participants over time for outcomes.
#11
Which of the following is an example of a longitudinal study?
A study following a group of individuals over 10 years to assess changes in cognitive function.
ExplanationObserving changes in individuals over time.
#12
What is the term used to describe a study in which neither the participants nor the researchers know which treatment group they belong to?
Double-blind study
ExplanationStudy with concealed treatment group identities.
#13
What is the term used to describe a study in which participants are randomly assigned to different treatment groups, and neither the participants nor the researchers know which treatment group they belong to?
Double-blind study
ExplanationStudy with concealed treatment group identities.