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Structure and Functions of the Judicial System Quiz

#1

Which of the following courts is the highest judicial body in the United States?

Supreme Court
Explanation

The Supreme Court is the highest judicial body in the United States.

#2

What is the primary function of the judiciary?

To interpret laws
Explanation

The primary function of the judiciary is to interpret laws.

#3

In which country is the Supreme Court known as the House of Lords?

United Kingdom
Explanation

In the United Kingdom, the Supreme Court is known as the House of Lords.

#4

What is the term for a legal action brought by one individual or group against another?

Civil case
Explanation

A legal action brought by one individual or group against another is known as a civil case.

#5

Who is responsible for appointing justices to the Supreme Court of the United States?

The President
Explanation

The President is responsible for appointing justices to the Supreme Court of the United States.

#6

Which court is the final authority on the interpretation of federal law in the United States?

Supreme Court
Explanation

The Supreme Court is the final authority on the interpretation of federal law in the United States.

#7

Who nominates judges to the federal judiciary in the United States?

The President
Explanation

Judges to the federal judiciary in the United States are nominated by the President.

#8

Which amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees the right to a fair trial?

Sixth Amendment
Explanation

The Sixth Amendment guarantees the right to a fair trial in the United States Constitution.

#9

What is the term for a court's authority to hear a case for the first time?

Original jurisdiction
Explanation

Original jurisdiction is a court's authority to hear a case for the first time.

#10

Which of the following is not a type of law typically handled by the judiciary?

Economic law
Explanation

Economic law is not typically handled by the judiciary.

#11

Which of the following is a characteristic of a common law legal system?

Precedent-based decision-making
Explanation

Precedent-based decision-making is a characteristic of a common law legal system.

#12

What is the term for a court's power to review the decisions of lower courts?

Appellate jurisdiction
Explanation

Appellate jurisdiction is the court's power to review the decisions of lower courts.

#13

What is the term for a legal principle that previous court decisions should guide future decisions?

Precedent
Explanation

Precedent is the legal principle that previous court decisions should guide future decisions.

#14

Who is often referred to as the 'Father of the American Judiciary'?

John Marshall
Explanation

John Marshall is often referred to as the 'Father of the American Judiciary.'

#15

Which court case established the principle of judicial review in the United States?

Marbury v. Madison
Explanation

Marbury v. Madison is the court case that established the principle of judicial review in the United States.

#16

In a criminal case, what is the standard of proof required for a conviction?

Beyond a reasonable doubt
Explanation

In a criminal case, the standard of proof required for a conviction is beyond a reasonable doubt.

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