#1
Which of the following is NOT a state of consciousness?
Sensation
ExplanationSensation is a sensory experience, not a state of consciousness.
#2
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with feelings of pleasure and reward?
Dopamine
ExplanationDopamine is primarily linked with pleasure and reward sensations.
#3
Which drug is commonly used to induce anesthesia for surgery?
Ketamine
ExplanationKetamine is frequently used as an anesthetic in surgery.
#4
Which of the following is NOT considered a type of altered state of consciousness?
Daydreaming
ExplanationDaydreaming is a normal state, not considered altered consciousness.
#5
Which part of the brain is responsible for regulating basic physiological functions such as breathing and heart rate?
Medulla oblongata
ExplanationThe medulla oblongata regulates vital functions like breathing and heart rate.
#6
What is the term for the state of consciousness where an individual is awake and alert?
Consciousness
ExplanationConsciousness denotes the awake and alert state of awareness.
#7
Which neurotransmitter is primarily associated with the fight-or-flight response?
Norepinephrine
ExplanationNorepinephrine is linked with the fight-or-flight response.
#8
Who introduced the concept of altered states of consciousness?
William James
ExplanationWilliam James is a pioneer in the study of altered states of consciousness.
#9
What is the primary characteristic of the subconscious mind?
It operates below the level of conscious awareness
ExplanationThe subconscious mind functions without conscious awareness.
#10
Which brainwave pattern is associated with deep relaxation and meditation?
Theta waves
ExplanationTheta waves are indicative of deep relaxation and meditative states.
#11
What is the term for the phenomenon where a person seems to perform routine tasks without conscious awareness?
Automaticity
ExplanationAutomaticity refers to performing tasks without conscious awareness.
#12
What is the term for the biological clock that regulates our daily sleep-wake cycle?
Circadian rhythm
ExplanationThe circadian rhythm governs the sleep-wake cycle.
#13
Which brain structure plays a crucial role in the formation and storage of long-term memories?
Hippocampus
ExplanationThe hippocampus is vital for long-term memory formation and storage.
#14
What is the term for the sudden, involuntary jerking movements or sensations that occur during the transition from wakefulness to sleep?
Hypnic jerk
ExplanationA hypnic jerk refers to involuntary movements during sleep onset.
#15
In which stage of sleep do most dreams occur?
REM sleep
ExplanationMost dreams occur during REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep.
#16
What is the term for the inability to recall memories formed before a traumatic event?
Retrograde amnesia
ExplanationRetrograde amnesia involves the inability to recall pre-trauma memories.