#1
What term describes the modification or distortion of individual judgment in a group?
Groupthink
ExplanationGroupthink is the phenomenon where group members prioritize consensus and harmony, often leading to flawed decision-making.
#2
Who conducted the 'Little Albert' experiment, demonstrating classical conditioning of an emotional response?
John B. Watson
ExplanationJohn B. Watson conducted the 'Little Albert' experiment, demonstrating classical conditioning by inducing fear in a child through stimuli association.
#3
What is the key factor in the social identity theory that leads to in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination?
Competition
ExplanationCompetition is a key factor in social identity theory, contributing to in-group favoritism and out-group discrimination as individuals seek to enhance their self-esteem.
#4
Which social psychology experiment investigated the effects of authority on obedience by instructing participants to administer electric shocks to learners?
Milgram Experiment
ExplanationThe Milgram Experiment investigated the impact of authority on obedience, where participants were instructed to administer electric shocks to learners.
#5
According to social identity theory, what is the role of categorization in the formation of in-groups and out-groups?
Categorization creates distinctions between groups
ExplanationCategorization in social identity theory creates distinctions between in-groups and out-groups, shaping individuals' social identity and behavior.
#6
Who conducted the famous Stanford prison experiment?
Philip Zimbardo
ExplanationZimbardo conducted the Stanford prison experiment, exploring the effects of perceived power on individuals' behavior in a simulated prison environment.
#7
What is the bystander effect in social psychology?
The tendency for individuals to feel a reduced sense of responsibility in a group setting
ExplanationThe bystander effect refers to the diminished likelihood of people to offer help in emergency situations when others are present, leading to diffusion of responsibility.
#8
Who proposed the social identity theory?
Henri Tajfel
ExplanationHenri Tajfel introduced the social identity theory, exploring how people categorize themselves and others into social groups, influencing behavior.
#9
What is the main concept explored in the Asch conformity experiment?
Peer pressure and conformity
ExplanationThe Asch conformity experiment focused on peer pressure and the tendency of individuals to conform to group opinions, even when they are incorrect.
#10
Which social psychology experiment is associated with the concept of 'cognitive dissonance'?
Festinger and Carlsmith's Study
ExplanationFestinger and Carlsmith's Study explored cognitive dissonance, the discomfort experienced when holding conflicting beliefs or attitudes.
#11
What does the social exchange theory propose?
People are motivated by self-interest in their interactions with others
ExplanationThe social exchange theory suggests that individuals engage in social interactions based on the pursuit of self-interest, seeking rewards and avoiding costs.
#12
Which conformity experiment involved participants matching the length of lines?
Asch Conformity Experiment
ExplanationThe Asch Conformity Experiment studied social conformity, where participants conformed to incorrect group judgments regarding the length of lines.
#13
In the Robbers Cave Experiment, which phase involved intergroup competition?
Friction Phase
ExplanationThe Friction Phase of the Robbers Cave Experiment introduced conflict and competition between groups to observe intergroup dynamics.
#14
Which term is used to describe the tendency of a person to conform to a group's norms due to a desire for social approval or acceptance?
Normative influence
ExplanationNormative influence refers to the motivation to conform based on a desire for social approval or acceptance from the group.
#15
What does the term 'group polarization' refer to in social psychology?
The strengthening of a group's prevailing opinions through discussion within the group
ExplanationGroup polarization is the phenomenon where group discussions intensify and reinforce the prevailing attitudes or opinions within the group.
#16
In the context of social psychology, what does the term 'ingroup' refer to?
A group to which an individual belongs and identifies with
ExplanationThe 'ingroup' refers to a group with which an individual identifies and feels a sense of belonging.
#17
Which concept is associated with the idea that people are more likely to comply with a request if it is preceded by a smaller request?
Foot-in-the-door technique
ExplanationThe foot-in-the-door technique involves making a small request before a larger one, increasing the likelihood of compliance.