#1
According to the fundamental attribution error, individuals tend to attribute others' behaviors more to _______ rather than ________.
Dispositional factors; situational factors
ExplanationPeople attribute behavior to internal traits rather than external circumstances.
#2
Which theory suggests that people explain others' behavior by attributing it to either dispositional factors or situational factors?
Attribution theory
ExplanationTheory explaining how people make attributions for behavior.
#3
What does the term 'attribution' refer to in social psychology?
The process of explaining the causes of behavior
ExplanationExplaining why people behave in certain ways.
#4
Which term describes the tendency to view one's ethnic or cultural group as superior to others?
Ethnocentrism
ExplanationBelief in the superiority of one's own ethnic or cultural group.
#5
What is the term used to describe the tendency for individuals to exert less effort in a group setting due to a diffusion of responsibility?
Social loafing
ExplanationReduced effort in groups due to shared responsibility.
#6
Which term refers to the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationTendency to credit oneself for successes and blame external factors for failures.
#7
Which of the following is an example of a situational attribution?
Explaining a student's poor performance on a test by saying the test was particularly difficult
ExplanationAttributing behavior to external factors such as the difficulty of a test.
#8
Which term describes the tendency to overestimate the impact of dispositional factors and underestimate the influence of situational factors when explaining other people's behavior?
Actor-observer bias
ExplanationTendency to attribute others' behavior to internal traits but our own to external circumstances.
#9
Which concept refers to the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal causes while attributing our own behavior to external causes?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationTendency to attribute internal causes to others' behavior and external causes to our own.
#10
Which term refers to the tendency to judge individuals based on stereotypes and generalizations about their group?
Implicit bias
ExplanationJudging individuals based on stereotypes about their group.
#11
According to Kelley's covariation model, which factor is NOT considered when making attributions?
Controllability
ExplanationKelley's model considers consensus, distinctiveness, and consistency.
#12
What does the term 'just-world hypothesis' suggest about people's beliefs?
People deserve the outcomes they get
ExplanationBelief that people get what they deserve.
#13
What does the term 'pluralistic ignorance' describe in social psychology?
The assumption that everyone else is feeling confident and knowledgeable, leading individuals to stay silent in a group
ExplanationBelief that others know more or feel differently, leading to silence in a group.