#1
Which of the following is an example of prosocial behavior?
Helping an elderly person cross the street
ExplanationProsocial behavior involves actions intended to benefit others.
#2
What does the bystander effect suggest about social behavior?
People are less likely to help when others are present
ExplanationThe bystander effect indicates reduced likelihood of assistance in the presence of others due to diffusion of responsibility.
#3
Which theory suggests that people learn social behavior through observation and imitation?
Social learning theory
ExplanationSocial learning theory posits that individuals acquire behaviors by observing and imitating others.
#4
What is the concept of cognitive dissonance?
The discomfort experienced when behavior conflicts with beliefs
ExplanationCognitive dissonance refers to the discomfort arising from conflicting thoughts or beliefs and motivates individuals to resolve the inconsistency.
#5
What is the term for the tendency to favor individuals who are similar to ourselves?
In-group bias
ExplanationIn-group bias refers to the inclination to favor and show preference to individuals who belong to the same group as oneself.
#6
Which factor is NOT associated with social loafing?
Individual accountability
ExplanationSocial loafing is reduced individual effort in a group, but accountability can mitigate this phenomenon.
#7
What is the term for the tendency of individuals to exert less effort in a group setting?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to the reduced effort exerted by individuals in a group setting.
#8
Which psychological concept refers to the tendency to attribute one's success to internal factors and failure to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias is the inclination to attribute success to internal factors and failure to external factors.
#9
According to the elaboration likelihood model, which route to persuasion involves deep consideration of arguments?
Central route
ExplanationThe central route to persuasion involves careful consideration of the arguments and content of a message.
#10
Which theory suggests that individuals attribute causes to behavior based on internal or external factors?
Attribution theory
ExplanationAttribution theory explores how individuals explain behavior by attributing it to internal or external factors.
#11
What is the term for a change in behavior or belief as a result of real or imagined group pressure?
Conformity
ExplanationConformity involves adjusting one's behavior or beliefs to align with group norms due to real or perceived pressure.
#12
According to the frustration-aggression hypothesis, what does frustration typically lead to?
Aggression
ExplanationThe frustration-aggression hypothesis proposes that frustration can lead to aggressive behavior.
#13
What is the term for the phenomenon where individuals engage in risky behavior when part of a group?
Group polarization
ExplanationGroup polarization refers to the tendency for groups to make more extreme decisions than individuals alone.
#14
What is the term for the tendency to conform to group norms in order to fit in?
Normative conformity
ExplanationNormative conformity involves conforming to group norms to gain social acceptance and fit in.