#1
Which of the following is a primary emotion?
Happiness
ExplanationHappiness is considered a primary emotion, innate and universally experienced.
#2
What is the term for the emotional bond that forms between an infant and their primary caregiver?
Secure Attachment
ExplanationSecure Attachment is the emotional bond between an infant and their primary caregiver.
#3
According to Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs, which needs must be satisfied before moving on to higher-level needs?
Physiological needs
ExplanationPhysiological needs must be satisfied before addressing higher-level needs in Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.
#4
Which of the following is a major contributor to the social and emotional development of a child?
Peer relationships
ExplanationPeer relationships are a major contributor to the social and emotional development of a child.
#5
In the context of social and psychological influences on lifespan development, what is generativity?
The concern for the next generation and the desire to contribute to society
ExplanationGenerativity is the concern for the next generation and the desire to contribute to society in the context of lifespan development.
#6
Who developed the psychosocial stages of development?
Erik Erikson
ExplanationErik Erikson developed the psychosocial stages of development.
#7
What is the term for a conflict in Erikson's psychosocial stages related to autonomy and doubt?
Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
ExplanationThe conflict in Erikson's stage of Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt involves developing a sense of autonomy or feeling shame and doubt.
#8
Which theorist is associated with the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD)?
Lev Vygotsky
ExplanationLev Vygotsky is associated with the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD).
#9
In Erikson's psychosocial stages, what is the virtue associated with the stage of Identity vs. Role Confusion?
Fidelity
ExplanationThe virtue associated with Erikson's Identity vs. Role Confusion stage is 'Fidelity.'
#10
At what age does Erikson's stage of identity vs. role confusion typically occur?
Adolescence
ExplanationErikson's stage of identity vs. role confusion typically occurs during adolescence.
#11
According to Piaget, during which stage do children develop the ability to understand the perspective of others?
Concrete operational stage
ExplanationChildren develop the ability to understand the perspective of others during Piaget's Concrete Operational stage.
#12
Which theory emphasizes the influence of social and cultural factors on development?
Sociocultural Theory
ExplanationSociocultural Theory emphasizes the impact of social and cultural factors on development.
#13
According to the nature vs. nurture debate, which factor refers to the influence of genetics?
Nature
ExplanationIn the nature vs. nurture debate, 'Nature' refers to the influence of genetics.
#14
Which cognitive stage in Piaget's theory is characterized by the ability to think abstractly and consider hypothetical situations?
Formal Operational
ExplanationThe Formal Operational stage in Piaget's theory involves abstract thinking and consideration of hypothetical situations.
#15
What is the term for the decline in cognitive abilities that often occurs with aging?
Cognitive decline
ExplanationThe decline in cognitive abilities with aging is referred to as cognitive decline.
#16
In the context of attachment theory, what is the term for a child's ability to use their primary caregiver as a secure base for exploration?
Secure attachment
ExplanationA child's ability to use their primary caregiver as a secure base for exploration is termed 'Secure Attachment.'
#17
Who proposed the concept of the 'self-actualization' motive in the hierarchy of needs?
Abraham Maslow
ExplanationAbraham Maslow proposed the concept of the 'self-actualization' motive in the hierarchy of needs.