#1
Which of the following is NOT a common type of research design in social and behavioral research?
Spatial design
ExplanationSpatial design is not commonly used in social and behavioral research.
#2
Which of the following is an example of a dependent variable in a study investigating the effect of exercise on weight loss?
Amount of weight lost
ExplanationThe amount of weight lost is a dependent variable in such a study.
#3
What is the term used to describe a systematic error in research that occurs when the sample population does not accurately represent the target population?
Selection bias
ExplanationSelection bias is a systematic error resulting from a sample population that does not accurately represent the target population.
#4
Which of the following is a common qualitative data collection method?
Interviews
ExplanationInterviews are a common qualitative data collection method.
#5
What is the term used to describe the process of systematically selecting a subset of individuals from a larger population for inclusion in a study?
Sampling
ExplanationSampling refers to the process of systematically selecting a subset of individuals for a study.
#6
What is the primary goal of informed consent in biomedical research?
To ensure participants understand the risks and benefits of participation
ExplanationInformed consent aims to ensure participants comprehend the risks and benefits involved in the research.
#7
Which of the following is a characteristic of qualitative research methods?
Focus on understanding social phenomena through participant experiences
ExplanationQualitative research focuses on understanding social phenomena through the experiences of participants.
#8
What is the purpose of a control group in experimental research?
To compare results with the experimental group
ExplanationControl groups are used to compare outcomes with those of the experimental group.
#9
What does the term 'reliability' refer to in research methodology?
The consistency or stability of measurement over time
ExplanationReliability in research refers to the consistency or stability of measurements over time.
#10
In the context of qualitative research, what does 'thematic analysis' involve?
Identifying patterns and themes within qualitative data
ExplanationThematic analysis involves identifying patterns and themes within qualitative data.
#11
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where participants in a study alter their behavior due to being observed?
Hawthorne effect
ExplanationThe Hawthorne effect refers to participants changing their behavior due to being observed.
#12
Which ethical principle emphasizes the importance of minimizing harm and maximizing benefits in research involving human participants?
Non-maleficence
ExplanationNon-maleficence emphasizes minimizing harm and maximizing benefits in research with human participants.
#13
What does the term 'external validity' refer to in research?
The extent to which study findings can be generalized to other populations
ExplanationExternal validity refers to the extent to which study findings can be generalized to other populations.
#14
Which of the following is NOT an example of a research ethics violation?
Ensuring participant anonymity
ExplanationEnsuring participant anonymity is not a research ethics violation.
#15
Which of the following statements best describes the purpose of debriefing in research involving human participants?
To inform participants about the purpose of the study after their participation
ExplanationDebriefing informs participants about the study's purpose after their participation.