#1
Which term refers to the process of forming judgments about ourselves based on our behaviors and abilities?
Self-perception
ExplanationSelf-perception involves forming judgments about ourselves based on our behaviors and abilities.
#2
What term describes the process of understanding the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of others?
Social cognition
ExplanationSocial cognition involves understanding the thoughts, feelings, and intentions of others.
#3
Which term describes the tendency to perceive oneself favorably by attributing positive qualities to oneself and downplaying negative qualities?
Self-enhancement
ExplanationSelf-enhancement is the tendency to perceive oneself favorably by emphasizing positive qualities.
#4
What term describes the tendency to attribute one's successes to internal factors and one's failures to external factors?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias is the tendency to attribute successes to internal factors and failures to external factors.
#5
What term describes the tendency to overestimate the extent to which others observe and evaluate our appearance, performance, and blunders?
Spotlight effect
ExplanationSpotlight effect is the tendency to overestimate others' observation and evaluation of our actions.
#6
What theory posits that individuals infer their own attitudes, beliefs, and emotions by observing their behaviors in various situations?
Self-perception theory
ExplanationSelf-perception theory suggests that individuals infer their attitudes, beliefs, and emotions by observing their behaviors.
#7
Who introduced the concept of 'self-concept' and 'self-esteem'?
Carl Rogers
ExplanationCarl Rogers introduced the concepts of self-concept and self-esteem.
#8
According to social identity theory, what is the tendency to view members of our own group more favorably than members of other groups called?
In-group bias
ExplanationIn-group bias refers to the tendency to view members of our own group more favorably.
#9
Which theory suggests that individuals seek to maintain consistency between their beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory suggests that individuals seek consistency between beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors.
#10
What is the term for the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors while ignoring external factors?
Fundamental attribution error
ExplanationFundamental attribution error is the tendency to attribute others' behavior to internal factors.
#11
According to the self-evaluation maintenance theory, what occurs when individuals distance themselves from a person who outperforms them in an area of importance?
Self-serving bias
ExplanationSelf-serving bias occurs when individuals distance themselves from those who outperform them.
#12
Which of the following is NOT a factor influencing self-perception?
Genetic predisposition
ExplanationGenetic predisposition is not a factor influencing self-perception.
#13
In social psychology, what is the term for the process of comparing ourselves to others in order to evaluate our own abilities, attitudes, and opinions?
Social comparison
ExplanationSocial comparison involves comparing ourselves to others to evaluate our own abilities, attitudes, and opinions.
#14
Which social psychological theory suggests that individuals adjust their behavior or thinking based on the actions of others?
Social learning theory
ExplanationSocial learning theory suggests individuals adjust behavior based on others' actions.
#15
Which social psychological theory suggests that individuals strive to maintain consistency between their attitudes and behaviors?
Cognitive dissonance theory
ExplanationCognitive dissonance theory suggests individuals strive for consistency between attitudes and behaviors.
#16
In social psychology, what is the term for the tendency to believe that the world is fair and that people generally get what they deserve?
Just-world hypothesis
ExplanationJust-world hypothesis is the tendency to believe the world is fair and people get what they deserve.