#1
Which of the following is considered a key component of a successful romantic relationship?
Effective communication
ExplanationClear and open communication is crucial for understanding and resolving issues in a relationship.
#2
Which of the following is NOT considered one of the five love languages according to Gary Chapman's theory?
Gift-giving
ExplanationGift-giving, though a common expression of love, is not one of the five primary love languages identified by Chapman.
#3
Which hormone is often referred to as the 'bonding hormone' and is associated with attachment and intimacy?
Oxytocin
ExplanationOxytocin, known as the 'love hormone,' plays a key role in bonding, trust, and social interaction.
#4
What is the term for the tendency to develop feelings of closeness and intimacy with those who are geographically nearby?
Proximity principle
ExplanationThe proximity principle suggests that physical closeness increases the likelihood of forming relationships due to increased interaction.
#5
According to psychologist Robert Sternberg, what are the three components of love?
Attachment, commitment, and passion
ExplanationSternberg's triangular theory of love comprises intimacy, passion, and commitment as essential components of love.
#6
What is the term for the tendency to view one's own group (in-group) more favorably than members of other groups (out-groups)?
In-group bias
ExplanationIn-group bias leads individuals to favor members of their own group over outsiders, influencing attitudes and behaviors.
#7
What is the term used to describe the phenomenon where individuals are attracted to those who share similar interests, values, and beliefs?
Homogamy
ExplanationHomogamy refers to the tendency of people to partner with others who are similar to themselves.
#8
In a romantic relationship, what does the term 'compromise' generally refer to?
Finding common ground through negotiation
ExplanationCompromise involves both parties making concessions to reach agreements that benefit the relationship.
#9
What is the term for the psychological defense mechanism where individuals attribute their own unacceptable qualities or emotions to others?
Projection
ExplanationProjection involves attributing one's own undesirable traits or emotions to others, avoiding self-awareness.
#10
What term is used to describe the phenomenon where individuals in a group tend to exert less effort when working collectively compared to when working individually?
Social loafing
ExplanationSocial loafing refers to the tendency for individuals to exert less effort when part of a group, relying on others to accomplish tasks.
#11
What term describes the phenomenon where individuals are more likely to be attracted to those who they perceive as similar to themselves in terms of attractiveness?
Matching hypothesis
ExplanationThe matching hypothesis suggests people are attracted to partners of similar attractiveness levels, based on the belief that such relationships are more stable and satisfying.
#12
What term is used to describe the stage in a relationship where individuals begin to notice flaws and differences in their partner?
Reality phase
ExplanationThe reality phase marks a transition in a relationship where partners become more aware of each other's imperfections and differences.
#13
What psychological theory suggests that individuals are more likely to form romantic bonds with those they frequently encounter?
Propinquity effect
ExplanationPropinquity effect suggests that proximity or nearness increases the likelihood of forming relationships.
#14
According to John Gottman's research, what is a common predictor of relationship stability and success?
Emotional intelligence
ExplanationEmotional intelligence, the ability to understand and manage emotions, is linked to healthier relationships.
#15
According to Sternberg's triangular theory of love, which component is characterized by intimacy and passion but without commitment?
Romantic love
ExplanationRomantic love in Sternberg's theory involves intimacy and passion but lacks the commitment aspect found in other forms of love.
#16
According to attachment theory, what style is characterized by a fear of intimacy and a tendency to avoid close relationships?
Dismissive-avoidant attachment
ExplanationDismissive-avoidant attachment style is marked by discomfort with intimacy and a tendency to avoid close emotional bonds.
#17
Which psychological theory suggests that individuals are attracted to those who possess traits they desire but do not have themselves?
Assortative mating theory
ExplanationAssortative mating theory proposes that people are attracted to partners who possess qualities they admire but may lack themselves.
#18
What psychological theory suggests that individuals are attracted to those who provide them with rewards or benefits?
Social exchange theory
ExplanationSocial exchange theory posits that people seek relationships that offer rewards greater than or equal to the costs, maximizing personal gain.