#1
Which of the following is not a function of the respiratory system?
Blood filtration
ExplanationRespiratory system does not filter blood, but it exchanges gases.
#2
What is the medical term for difficulty breathing?
Dyspnea
ExplanationDyspnea refers to difficulty or discomfort in breathing.
#3
Which gas is primarily responsible for the regulation of respiratory rate?
Carbon dioxide
ExplanationCarbon dioxide levels regulate respiratory rate.
#4
What is the term for the process of moving air into and out of the lungs?
Ventilation
ExplanationVentilation refers to the movement of air in and out of the lungs.
#5
Which of the following is the primary gas exchanged during respiration?
Oxygen
ExplanationOxygen is primarily exchanged for carbon dioxide during respiration.
#6
What is the term for the process of breathing out air from the lungs?
Exhalation
ExplanationExhalation is the process of expelling air from the lungs.
#7
What is the name of the tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs?
Alveoli
ExplanationAlveoli are the site of gas exchange in the lungs.
#8
What is the primary function of the alveoli in the respiratory system?
To exchange gases
ExplanationAlveoli facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
#9
Which of the following is not a component of the upper respiratory tract?
Bronchi
ExplanationBronchi belong to the lower respiratory tract, not upper.
#10
During inhalation, which muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity?
Diaphragm
ExplanationThe diaphragm contracts to expand the thoracic cavity.
#11
What is the role of surfactant in the respiratory system?
To decrease surface tension in the alveoli
ExplanationSurfactant reduces surface tension, preventing alveolar collapse.
#12
Which part of the brain primarily controls respiratory rate and rhythm?
Medulla oblongata
ExplanationMedulla oblongata regulates breathing rhythm and rate.
#13
Which of the following is not a component of the lower respiratory tract?
Pharynx
ExplanationPharynx belongs to the upper respiratory tract.
#14
Which of the following respiratory disorders is characterized by the collapse of the alveoli, leading to impaired gas exchange?
Atelectasis
ExplanationAtelectasis involves partial or complete alveolar collapse.
#15
What is the term for the tiny hair-like structures in the respiratory tract that help to sweep mucus and debris out of the airways?
Cilia
ExplanationCilia aid in the removal of mucus and debris from airways.
#16
What condition is characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways, leading to wheezing, coughing, and shortness of breath?
Asthma
ExplanationAsthma involves airway inflammation and constriction.
#17
What is the name of the process by which oxygen is transported from the lungs to the body's tissues?
Perfusion
ExplanationPerfusion delivers oxygenated blood to body tissues.
#18
What is the term for the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a forceful exhalation?
Residual volume
ExplanationResidual volume is the air left in lungs after maximal exhalation.