#1
Which research method involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interference?
Naturalistic observation
ExplanationObserving subjects in their natural environment without interference.
#2
Which type of sampling method involves selecting participants who are readily available or easy to recruit?
Convenience sampling
ExplanationInvolves selecting readily available or easy-to-recruit participants.
#3
In survey research, what is a closed-ended question?
A question that offers a limited set of response options
ExplanationOffers a limited set of response options.
#4
What is the primary purpose of a control group in an experimental design?
To provide a baseline for comparison
ExplanationProvides a baseline for comparison in an experimental design.
#5
Which statistical measure indicates the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables?
Correlation coefficient
ExplanationIndicates the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables.
#6
What is a confounding variable in experimental research?
An extraneous variable that systematically varies with the independent variable
ExplanationAn extraneous variable that systematically varies with the independent variable in experimental research.
#7
What is the purpose of institutional review boards (IRBs) in psychological research?
To review and approve research involving human participants
ExplanationReviews and approves research involving human participants in psychological research.
#8
What is the purpose of inferential statistics in psychological research?
To make inferences about a population based on a sample
ExplanationMakes inferences about a population based on a sample in psychological research.
#9
In experimental research, what is the purpose of random assignment?
To eliminate confounding variables
ExplanationEliminates confounding variables in experimental research.
#10
In the context of psychological theories, what does the term 'parsimony' refer to?
The simplicity of the theory
ExplanationRefers to the simplicity of the theory in psychological theories.
#11
What is the purpose of a debriefing session in psychological research involving human participants?
To inform participants about the study's results
ExplanationInforms participants about the study's results in psychological research.
#12
Which of the following is an example of a quasi-experimental design?
Pretest-posttest design
ExplanationAn example of a quasi-experimental design.
#13
What is the difference between reliability and validity in psychological measurement?
Reliability refers to consistency, while validity refers to accuracy
ExplanationReliability refers to consistency, validity to accuracy in psychological measurement.
#14
What is the main goal of qualitative research in psychology?
To explore and understand the richness of human experience
ExplanationTo explore and understand human experience in qualitative research.
#15
What is the primary purpose of a pilot study in psychological research?
To obtain preliminary data and test the feasibility of the study
ExplanationObtains preliminary data and tests feasibility of the study in psychological research.